Human Herpesvirus 8-Related Childhood Mononucleosis

Chen, Rong-Long; Lin, Jung-Chung; Wang, Pen-Jung; Lee, Chan Ping; Hsu, Yung-Hsiang

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000128776.45784.80

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although the clinical characteristics of primary HHV-8 infection have not been clearly elucidated, a recent report suggests that some cases of mononucleosis in childhood may be owing to HHV-8 infection. 53 As HHV-8 was discovered in cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma tissues from patients with HIV-AIDS, most of our information regarding tissue distribution of HHV-8 is based upon analysis of tissues from severely immune compromised patients with HIV-AIDS and thus may not reflect the situation in healthy adults. In patients with HIV-AIDS and KS, HHV-8 DNA can be detected in saliva, peripheral blood monocytes, lymphoid tissues, normal skin, prostate gland, and bone marrow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical mapping of human herpesvirus reservoirs of infection

Chen

Hudnall

2006

Modern Pathology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical mapping of human herpesvirus reservoirs of infection

Chen

Hudnall

2006

Modern Pathology

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“…34,35 A similar self-limited illness has been described in adults with primary infection. Evidence suggests more significant symptomatology in immunodeficient adults with primary infection, including reports of fever, arthralgia, splenomegaly, and bone marrow suppression.…”

Section: Human Herpesvirus 8 Disease (Last Updated November 6 2013; mentioning

confidence: 72%

Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children

Siberry

Abzug

Nachman

et al. 2013

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…34,35 A similar self-limited illness has been described in adults with primary infection. 34,35 A similar self-limited illness has been described in adults with primary infection.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Human Herpesvirus 8 Disease

2013

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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EpidemiologyHuman herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is a transmissible DNA virus, with similarities in DNA structure to Epstein-Barr virus. HHV-8 has been causally linked to all forms of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) (HIV-related and endemic) and with two rare neoplastic conditions usually associated with HIV infection: body cavity-based lymphoma, also known as primary effusion lymphoma (a B-cell lymphoma that typically arises in body cavities such as the pleural space) and multicentric Castleman disease (non-cancerous tumors that may develop in lymph nodes in a single site or in multiple sites throughout the body). The exact mechanism by which HHV-8 infection leads to neoplastic disease has not been fully elucidated, but seroconversion to HHV-8 antibody positivity virtually always precedes development of the tumors. 1 Higher plasma HHV-8 DNA titers are associated with increased risk of KS. 2 The prevalence of antibodies to HHV-8 varies widely with age and geography. In the United States and Europe, 1% to 3% of the general adult population is seropositive, with higher rates (8%) among men who have sex with men (MSM). 3 Among other adult men in the general population, HHV-8-seropositivity was marginally associated with duration of heterosexual activity and positively associated with the number of lifetime sex partners and co-infection with hepatitis B virus and herpes simplex virus type 2 viruses; none of these were significantly associated with risk for women. In contrast, the adult seropositivity rate in Mediterranean countries ranges from 10 to 25%. In areas where HHV-8 is endemic, such as eastern and central Sub-Saharan Africa, HHV-8 seropositivity rates as high as 80% have been reported in adults. [4][5][6][7][8] HHV-8 is transmitted through oral and genital secretions. Immunocompetent HHV-8-infected adults frequently shed HHV-8 in their oropharyngeal secretions, with viral DNA detected in saliva on 22% of test days. 9 In areas where HHV-8 infection is endemic, the seroprevalence increases quickly during the first 5 years of life (especially when other family members are HHV-8-positive), then plateaus until adolescence and young adult years. In studies from rural Tanzania and Uganda, the rate of positivity for HHV-8 was 3.7% Panel's Recommendations• Effective suppression of HIV replication with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is recommended to reduce the risk of human herpesvirus 8-(HHV-8)-associated Kaposi sarcoma (AIII).• Routine testing to identify HHV-8-seropositive, HIV-infected patients is not recommended (BIII).• Effective suppression of HIV replication with cART is recommended for all patients with evidence of active KS and other human herpesvirus 8-associated malignant lymphoproliferative disorders (AIII).• The use of intravenous ganciclovir or oral valganciclovir is recommended for treatment of HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman disease (BIII) and may be a useful adjunct for treating HHV-8-associated primary effusion lymphoma (BIII).• Appropriate chemotherapy, in combination with potent cART, should be ...

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Human Herpesvirus 8-Related Childhood Mononucleosis

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Anatomical mapping of human herpesvirus reservoirs of infection

Anatomical mapping of human herpesvirus reservoirs of infection

Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children

Human Herpesvirus 8 Disease

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