Human IgG1 and IgG4: the main antibodies against Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) salivary gland proteins.

Abstract

Abstract. The Triatoma infestans salivary gland proteins (TSGP) can induce local and systemic hypersensitivity reactions in humans. IgG antibodies against TSGP were present in higher levels in sera of Chagas disease patients, and in individuals living in triatomine-infested areas than in controls living in triatomine-free areas. TSGP-specific IgG 1 was found in sera of Chagas patients, and of individuals living in triatomine-infested rural areas, and uniquely specific IgG 4 was present in sera of Chagas patients living in triatomine-infested areas, reactive against TSGP. Unique specificities were not detected in sera of individuals reacting against the ubiquitous mosquito Culex quinquifasciatus saliva proteins (CSGP). In conclusion, IgG 1 reactive against TSGP is the main antibody present in individuals living in the triatomine-infested study areas. Also, IgG 4 is found in the sera of insect-transmitted Chagas disease patients living in study areas.

Human Antibody Response to Anopheles gambiae Saliva: An Immuno-Epidemiological Biomarker to Evaluate the Efficacy of Insecticide-Treated Nets in Malaria Vector Control

“…16 At the time of biting, the female mosquito injects saliva containing bioactive molecules, including vasodilators and anticoagulants, that make the blood meal possible. 17,18 Human Ab responses to the saliva of Triatoma , vectors of Chagas disease, 19 Ixodes ticks, vectors of Borrelia bugdorferi , 20 This work addresses a potentially important application of this "saliva" biomarker as an immunological tool to evaluate the efficacy of ITN-based strategies. Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to whole An.…”

Biomarkers for susceptibility to infection and disease severity in human malaria

“…Immediate, delayed and systemic hypersensitivity reactions to vector saliva have been described [reviewed by Andrade et al (2005)]. Vertebrate responses to arthropod salivary components have been used as epidemiological markers for vector exposure for ticks (Schwartz et al 1991), phlebotomines (Barral et al 2000, Gomes et al 2002, Triatoma (Nascimento et al 2001), Glossina (Poinsignon et al 2008b) and Aedes mosquitoes (Remoue et al 2007). In the case of malaria, the host immune response against vector saliva can be used as a biomarker of exposure to Anopheles.…”

Human Antibody Response to Aedes aegypti Saliva in an Urban Population in Bolivia: A New Biomarker of Exposure to Dengue Vector Bites

“…10,11 At the time of biting, the female mosquito injects saliva containing bioactive molecules, including vasodilators and anticoagulants, which promote blood feeding. 12,13 Human antibody responses to the saliva of Triatoma, the vectors of Chagas disease, 14 and Ixodes tick vectors of Borrelia bugdorferi 15 have been shown to be reliable immunologic markers for vector exposure. Poinsignon and others have shown that antibody responses to Glossina saliva could be a useful indicator of exposure with high diagnostic value.…”