Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus (HIV/HBV) co-infection in people living with HIV/AIDs identified in Yaound Central Hospital, Cameroon: Seroprevalence and impact on the disease progression

Abstract

Co-infection with HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) has become an important factor of co-morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection and its effect on the disease progression in people living with HIV/AIDS identified in Yaoundé Central Hospital. Blood samples from 75 HIV positive patients were collected in Yaoundé Central Hospital from November 2015 to February 2016, for the determination of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) using immunoassays. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T-cells count and biochemical markers of liver function were also collected and analyzed. The socio-demographic data were also collected. The effect sizes were confirmed using G*Power version 3.1.9.2 software. The data were entered and analyzed using the SPSS Version 22.1 software. The statistical tests performed were x2, and Pearson correlation, with significant difference at the threshold p ≤ 0.05. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) was identified in 12 patients out of 75 HIV-positive patients, for a HIV/HBV co-infection prevalence of 16%. The co-infection rate was higher in women 9 (12%) than in men 3 (4%). Among HIV infected patients, a negative and significant correlation was observed between CD4 count and ALT activity, and between the concentration of conjugated bilirubin and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) p≤ 0.05. The prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection is higher among HIV positive patients in the Yaoundé Central Hospital. HIV associated with HBV plays a role in the disease progression. Consequently, it is important that a national management programme is in place in the country to monitor the incidence and morbidity rates of these affections.

Assessment of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of HBV AND HIV CO- Infections among HIV Infected Patients Attending Art Clinic in Port Harcourt

“…Our finding was however lower than the findings of Iwolekun et al who reported 51.9% among HIV positive patients in Lagos [16] And that of Nwokedi et al with a much higher prevalence of 70.5% among HIV positive patients in Kano, Nigeria [17]. Other similar studies in Nigeria and parts of the world, reported lower prevalences such as 9.7% and 6.7% by Ejele et al and Okon et al in Nigeria while 16%, [18] 12.5% and 12.6% by Djuidje et al, Zoufaly et al [19] and Laop.…”

Co-infection of HIV or HCV among HBsAg positive delivering mothers and its associated factors in governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…HBV/HIV co-infection rates of 12.9% [18] and 16% [19] were reported in people living with HIV in Cameroon. Besides, HBV/HIV co-infection rates of 11.8% [20] and 3.1% [21] were reported in pregnant mothers in Nigeria and South Africa, respectively.…”

“…None of the pregnant mothers were co-infected with HBV and HCV [27,28]. Several studies were conducted to determine co-infection of HBV/HIV, HBV/ HCV, or HIV/HCV among the general population, general pregnant mothers, or HIV infected pregnant mothers [7,13,16,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. But, only a few studies have been conducted to determine co-infection of HIV or HCV and related risk factors among HBsAg positive delivering mothers globally and particularly in Ethiopia.…”

Prevalence and determinants of hepatitis B virus infection among human immunodeficiency virus patients at a tertiary health care facility in Central Nigeria

“…To date, Nigeria remains one of the endemic nations of the world whose citizen's health is being challenged with HBV and HIV infections and these viral diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality [6]. Although there are several reports of HBV/HIV co-infection in Nigeria [6,7,8], Nevertheless, for any control research work to be successful there is need for adequate information on the epidemiology of the disease including the population at risk. Considering this context, the present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and determinants of hepatitis b virus among human immunodeficiency virus patients at a tertiary health care facility in Central Nigeria.…”