Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patterns and risk behaviours in different population groups and provinces in Viet Nam

Tuấn, Nguyễn Anh; Fýlkesnes, Knut; Thang, Bui Duc; Hiển, Nguyễn Trần; Long, Nguyễn Thành; Kính, Nguyễn Văn; Thắng, Phạm Hồng; Mạnh, Phạm Đức; O’Farrell, Nigel

doi:10.2471/blt.05.026153

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In general, the results of this study indicate high rates of risky sexual behaviors among immigrants, including having multiple (concurrent) sexual partners and unprotected sexual intercourse, consistently with other research conducted in Europe [6,31] and in other regions [9,29,32,33]. These findings highlight the potential increasing risk for HIV infection of migrants who have unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners, but also if they acquire HIV/AIDS the increasing likelihood of transmitting HIV infection to their partners.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

HIV Risky Sexual Behaviors and HIV Infection Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon, Portugal

Dias

Marques

Gama

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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This study aimed to examine risky sexual behavior, its associated factors and HIV infection among immigrants. A participatory cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1187 immigrants at the National Immigrant Support Centre, in Lisbon (52.2% female; 34.0% Africans, 33.8% Brazilians, 32.2% Eastern Europeans). About 38% of participants reported ≥2 sexual partners in the previous year, 16.2% both regular and occasional sexual partners (last 12 months), 33.1% inconsistent condom use with occasional partners, and 64% no condom use in the last sexual intercourse. Unprotected sex in the last sexual intercourse was more likely among women, Africans, those older, with elementary education, those married and those who didn’t receive free condoms in the previous year. No condom use was less likely among those having only occasional sexual partners and both regular and occasional sexual partners. One third of participants had never been tested for HIV. Those never tested reported more frequently inconsistent condom use than those ever tested. Overall, 2.0% reported being HIV positive (2.5% of men; 4.4% of Africans); 4.3% admitted having a STI in previous year. HIV-positive immigrants reported high-risk sexual behaviors. Tailored interventions to promote awareness of HIV serostatus among immigrants as well as culturally adapted risk reduction strategies should be strengthened.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

HIV Risky Sexual Behaviors and HIV Infection Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon, Portugal

Dias

Marques

Gama

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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“…This is similar to findings among female sex workers in Vietnam, where drug use played a very important role in HIV transmission in this high-risk population [12, 37, 38]. This study also supports the evidence of the protective role of condom use in preventing HIV transmission among MSM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Dong Nai borders with Hochiminh City, which has amongst the highest prevalence of HIV in Vietnam in all high-risk groups, including those who inject drugs, MSM, and female sex workers. Previous studies among MSM in Vietnam were carried out in urban populations, whereas our study was conducted in rural or small urban areas, except for Dong Nai which is an industrial province where HIV prevalence may be lower [8, 12]. The prevalence of HIV in the current study, 2.6 %, was lower than in other countries, including 13.6 % in Brazil [13], 12.9 % in northern Thailand [14], and 4.8 % in Beijing, China [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic Factors, Sexual Behaviors, and Alcohol and Recreational Drug Use Associated with HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Southern Vietnam

et al. 2016

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A total of 2768 MSM participated in a survey in southern Vietnam. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of HIV infection. The prevalence of HIV among MSM was 2.6 %. HIV infection was more likely in MSM who were older, had a religion, had engaged in anal sex with a foreigner in the past 12 months, previously or currently used recreational drugs, perceived themselves as likely or very likely to be infected with HIV, and/or were syphilis seropositive. MSM who had ever married, were exclusively or frequently receptive, sometimes consumed alcohol before sex, and/or frequently used condoms during anal sex in the past 3 months were less likely to be infected with HIV. Recreational drug use is strongly associated with HIV infection among MSM in southern Vietnam. HIV interventions among MSM should incorporate health promotion, condom promotion, harm reduction, sexually transmitted infection treatment, and address risk behaviors.

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“…Our review found that IDU comprised only a small proportion of HIV-infected TB patients in An Giang. Although this finding may be attributable to under-reporting, low rates of reported IDU are plausible, because this province is located far from large urban centers where injection drug use is more common [18]. Second, the vast majority of cases were smear-positive, which is uncommon in most HIV epidemic settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

HIV-Associated TB in An Giang Province, Vietnam, 2001–2004: Epidemiology and TB Treatment Outcomes

Thuy¹,

Shah

Anh³

et al. 2007

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundMortality is high in HIV-infected TB patients, but few studies from Southeast Asia have documented the benefits of interventions, such as co-trimoxazole (CTX), in reducing mortality during TB treatment. To help guide policy in Vietnam, we studied the epidemiology of HIV-associated TB in one province and examined factors associated with outcomes, including the impact of CTX use.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe retrospectively abstracted data for all HIV-infected persons diagnosed with TB from 2001–2004 in An Giang, a province in southern Vietnam in which TB patients receive HIV counseling and testing. We used standard WHO definitions to classify TB treatment outcomes. We conducted multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for the composite outcome of death, default, or treatment failure during TB treatment. From 2001–2004, 637 HIV-infected TB patients were diagnosed in An Giang. Of these, 501 (79%) were male, 321 (50%) were aged 25–34 years, and the most common self-reported HIV risk factor was sex with a commercial sex worker in 221 (35%). TB was classified as smear-positive in 531 (83%). During TB treatment, 167 (26%) patients died, 9 (1%) defaulted, and 6 (1%) failed treatment. Of 454 patients who took CTX, 116 (26%) had an unsuccessful outcome compared with 33 (70%) of 47 patients who did not take CTX (relative risk, 0.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–0.5). Adjusting for male sex, rural residence, TB smear status and disease location, and the occurrence of adverse events during TB treatment in multivariate analysis, the benefit of CTX persisted (adjusted odds ratio for unsuccessful outcome 0.1; CI, 0.1–0.3).Conclusions/SignificanceIn An Giang, Vietnam, HIV-associated TB was associated with poor TB treatment outcomes. Outcomes were significantly better in those taking CTX. This finding suggests that Vietnam should consider applying WHO recommendations to prescribe CTX to all HIV-infected TB patients.

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection patterns and risk behaviours in different population groups and provinces in Viet Nam

Cited by 44 publications

References 17 publications

HIV Risky Sexual Behaviors and HIV Infection Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon, Portugal

HIV Risky Sexual Behaviors and HIV Infection Among Immigrants: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lisbon, Portugal

Sociodemographic Factors, Sexual Behaviors, and Alcohol and Recreational Drug Use Associated with HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Southern Vietnam

HIV-Associated TB in An Giang Province, Vietnam, 2001–2004: Epidemiology and TB Treatment Outcomes

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