Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, Bcl-2, p53 Protein, and Ki-67 Analysis in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Abstract

Objectives:To determine the age and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN), and to analyze tumor proliferation, Bcl-2, and p53 oncoprotein expression in OSSN. Methods:Only patients with histologically proved neoplasia were included in this study. The HIV status was obtained only with informed consent. Monoclonal antibodies to p53 and Bcl-2 protein were used after microwave antigen retrieval to enhance immunohistochemical staining of the sections. Proliferation was assessed by means of Ki-67 antigen expression. Positive staining in each specimen was expressed as a percentage and graded accordingly.Results: Forty-one eyes in 40 black patients with a mean age of 37 years were found to have OSSN. Of the 41 le-sions, 35 represented in situ or invasive carcinoma. The remaining 6 had mild or moderately dysplastic lesions. Seventeen patients agreed to an HIV test and, of these, 12 (70.6%) were HIV positive. All 12 were younger than 50 years, and 11 had either carcinoma in situ or invasive lesions. Twenty-two of 40 lesions expressed significant (greater than 50% of neoplastic cells) p53 positivity, while Bcl-2 expression was detected in 10. Ki-67 expression was low, even in the HIV-positive lesions.Conclusions: At our institution, OSSN occurs in young patients, many of whom are HIV positive. Expression of p53 is a common finding, whereas Bcl-2 immunoexpression occurs in the minority of cases. Ki-67 analysis showed that OSSN is a slow-growing tumor, even in the presence of HIV infection.

Conjunctival Intraepithelial Neoplasia – Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment Possibilities

“…Similarly, another study in United Kingdom showed that the 77% were male, being 69% of them older than 60 years (McKelvie et al, 2002). Nevertheless, a study in Zimbabwe found that a 70% of patients were young women with a mean age of 35 years (Pola et al, 2003), while in South Africa mean age was 37 years (Mahomed & Chetty, 2002). A study in Tanzania showed that the 45.8% of 168 conjunctival biopsies were OSSN (Poole, 1999).…”

Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

“…Подобные данные получили A. Mahomed и R. Chetty в 2002г. -средний возраст заболевших составил 37 лет [9]. Со-гласно исследованиям K. Toopalli et al, опу-бликованным в 2014 году, СНГП развивается чаще у мужчин (60%) в возрасте 46 лет (minmax 7-85) [10].…”

Characterization of the OSSN Microbiome in HIV-1 Infected Patients

“…Similar to cancer of the cervix, it has a relatively high rate of recurrence after treatment and may metastasize (Munoz et al, 2003). OSSN has gained interest in the past few years in its association with the HIV-1 pandemic and its increase in incidence is collinear with the increase in HIV-1 (Mahomed & Chetty, 2002). Prior to the HIV-1 pandemic, OSSN was noted to occur predominantly in the elderly for whom it is the third most common oculoorbital tumor after melanoma and lymphoma (Basti & Macsai, 2003;Lee & Hirst, 1997).…”

“…Prior to the HIV-1 pandemic, OSSN was noted to occur predominantly in the elderly for whom it is the third most common oculoorbital tumor after melanoma and lymphoma (Basti & Macsai, 2003;Lee & Hirst, 1997). Previously in addition to advanced age and male sex, other risk factors linked to its pathogenesis had included ultraviolet light B rays and mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene (Kestelyn, Stevens, Ndayambaje, Hanssens, & van de Perre, 1990), immunosuppression in organ transplant recipients (Spitzer et al, 2008), cigarette smoking, and in some settings, HPV infection (Mahomed & Chetty, 2002;McDonnell, McDonnell, Mounts, Wu, & Green, 1986). In Africa, OSSN is becoming more common, more aggressive and affects mainly young people, especially females (Kestelyn et al, 1990).…”