Human infectious diseases and the changing climate in the Arctic

Waits, Audrey; Emelyanova, Anastasia; Oksanen, Antti; Abass, Khaled; Rautio, Arja

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.042

Cited by 115 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In many countries in the world, anthrax is a serious health problem. According to the World Health Organization data, the frequency of anthrax distribution in the world ranges from 2000 to 20,000 cases in 82 countries (8). Instability of the current epidemiological situation of anthrax is associated with intermittent epizootic outbreaks, which cause human morbidity, as people are infected mainly because of contact with sick animals, their corpses, or livestock products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Anthrax in Kazakhstan from 2016 to 2018

Maukayeva¹

2019

Erciyes Med J

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Anthrax is primarily a disease of herbivores, and it occasionally infects humans. The majority of human cases occur in an agricultural environment and result from individuals coming into contact with dead or dying animals. Although anthrax occurs worldwide, it is endemic in Kazakhstan. The data were obtained from the reported and recorded cases of anthrax in Kazakhstan between 2016 and 2018. The results were analyzed according to clinical presentation, source of infection, and transmission. In 2016-2018, 21 cases of anthrax were registered in five regions of Kazakhstan. Contamination of people occurred when dying animals were illegally slaughtered. Of these cases, 17 were of cutaneous form and 4 were of generalized form that ended by death due to delayed diagnosis and therapy. A fatal clinic form of anthrax was presented. Clinical forms of human anthrax are life threatening. Early diagnosis and initiating supportive treatment with appropriate antimicrobial therapy can save life. Educating physicians and animal owners, following good veterinary practice, ensuring close surveillance, and regular immunization of animals against anthrax may control infection in endemic and hyperendemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Anthrax in Kazakhstan from 2016 to 2018

Maukayeva¹

2019

Erciyes Med J

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“…In addition, newly arrived birds and insects may transmit new viruses and diseases from southern regions. These may be particularly dangerous to inhabitants of the Northern regions who do not have appropriate immunity (Popova 2016;Bonebrake et al 2018;Waits et al 2018).…”

Section: Perceptions Of Issues Related To Environmental and Climate Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving dialogue among researchers, local and indigenous peoples and decision-makers to address issues of climate change in the North

Callaghan

Kulikova

Rakhmanova

et al. 2019

Ambio

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The Circumpolar North has been changing rapidly within the last decades, and the socioeconomic systems of the Eurasian Arctic and Siberia in particular have displayed the most dramatic changes. Here, anthropogenic drivers of environmental change such as migration and industrialization are added to climateinduced changes in the natural environment such as permafrost thawing and increased frequency of extreme events. Understanding and adapting to both types of changes are important to local and indigenous peoples in the Arctic and for the wider global community due to transboundary connectivity. As local and indigenous peoples, decision-makers and scientists perceive changes and impacts differently and often fail to communicate efficiently to respond to changes adequately, we convened a meeting of the three groups in Salekhard in 2017. The outcomes of the meeting include perceptions of how the three groups each perceive the main issues affecting health and well-being and recommendations for working together better.

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“…Indoor human behaviors directly impact on indoor thermal comfort [1], energy efficiency [2], office design [3], and exposure to pollutants (e.g., infectious microbes) [4]. Indoor human behaviors in and between different environments also directly impact on the infection risk [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Spread and High-Resolution Detection of Close Contact Behaviors

Zhang

Chan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Knowledge of human behaviors is important for improving indoor-environment design, building-energy efficiency, and productivity, and for studies of infection spread. However, such data are lacking. In this study, we designed a device for detecting and recording, second by second, the 3D indoor positioning and head and body motions of each graduate student in an office. From more than 400 person hours of data. Students spent 92.2%, 4.1%, 2.9%, and 0.8% of their time in their own office cubicles, other office cubicles, aisles, and areas near public facilities, respectively. They spent 9.7% of time in close contact, and each student averagely had 4.0 close contacts/h. Students spent long time on close contact in the office which may lead to high infection risk. The average interpersonal distance during close contact was 0.81 m. When sitting, students preferred small relative face orientation angle. Pairs of standing students preferred a face-to-face orientation during close contact which means this pattern had a lower infection risk via close contact. Probability of close contact decreased exponentially with the increasing distance between two students’ cubicles. Data on human behaviour during close contact is helpful for infection risk analysis and infection control and prevention.

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Human infectious diseases and the changing climate in the Arctic

Cited by 115 publications

References 56 publications

Human Anthrax in Kazakhstan from 2016 to 2018

Human Anthrax in Kazakhstan from 2016 to 2018

Improving dialogue among researchers, local and indigenous peoples and decision-makers to address issues of climate change in the North

Infection Spread and High-Resolution Detection of Close Contact Behaviors

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