Human marrow stromal cell therapy for stroke in rat

Abstract

Neurologic benefit resulting from hMSC treatment of stroke in rats may derive from the increase of growth factors in the ischemic tissue, the reduction of apoptosis in the penumbral zone of the lesion, and the proliferation of endogenous cells in the subventricular zone.

The free fatty acid metabolome in cerebral ischemia following human mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats

“…Approximately 5% (45 × 10 3 to 50 × 10 3 ) of NuMA-positive MSCs had migrated into the ischemic tissue 4 days after the transplantation of hMSCs into the MCAo model. These results are consistent with a previous report in a similar model [28]. A few NuMA-reactive cells were also observed in several areas of the ipsilateral hemisphere including the cortex and striatum.…”

“…Rectal temperature was maintained at 37.0-37.5°C with heating pads. Transient MCAo was induced using a method of intraluminal vascular occlusion that has been modified in our laboratory [28]. A 4-0 surgical monofilament nylon suture with a rounded tip was moved from the left common carotid artery into the lumen of the internal carotid artery to block the origin of the MCAo.…”

“…Cells derived from hMSC were identified using morphological criteria and immunohistochemical staining with NuMA (human nuclei matrix antigen; Oncogen), which is present in donor cells, but not in host parenchymal cells. The total number of NuMA-positive cells in the forebrain (bregma −1~1 mm) was measured on ten sequential slides (150 µm interval) [28], and the number of NuMA-positive cells was calculated by summing those found on all ten slides.…”

Dedifferentiation-Reprogrammed Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Improved Therapeutic Potential

“…However, despite many transplantation studies showing beneficial effects, most studies report low levels of cell persistence and neuronal differentiation in vivo. In particular, when MSCs are injected directly into the lesion tissues, massive death of transplanted cells has been observed [20,23,24]. This greatly limits their overall effectiveness and clinical use.…”

Is Immunomodulation a Principal Mechanism Underlying How Cell-Based Therapies Enhance Stroke Recovery?

“…MSCs have been shown to exert profound immunomodulatory properties and have gained approval as a treatment in certain countries for graft versus host disease. Several meta-analyses have consistently demonstrated their treatment effects in various animal models of stroke [19][20][21][22][23][24]. In fact, MSCs are likely the most widely studied type of cell therapy in the preclinical stroke literature [1][2][3].…”