Human mesenchymal stromal cell-enhanced osteogenic differentiation by contact interaction with polyethylene terephthalate nanogratings

Abstract

Among the very large number of polymeric materials that have been proposed in the field of orthopedics, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most attractive thanks to its flexibility, thermal resistance, mechanical strength and durability. Several studies have been proposed that interface nano- or micro-structured surfaces with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), demonstrating the potential of this technology for promoting osteogenesis. All these studies were carried out on biomaterials other than PET, which remains almost uninvestigated in terms of cell shaping, alignment and differentiation. Here, we study the effect of PET 350-depth nanogratings (NGs) with a ridge and lateral groove size of 500 nm (T1) or 1 μm (T2), on bone marrow-derived human MSC (hMSC) differentiation in relation to the osteogenic fate. We demonstrate that these substrates, especially T2, can promote the osteogenic phenotype more efficiently than standard flat surfaces and that this effect is more marked if cells are cultured in osteogenic medium than in basal medium. Finally, we show that the shape and disposition of calcium hydroxyapatite granules on the different substrates was influenced by the substrate symmetry, being more elongated and spatially organized on NGs than on flat surfaces.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with LARS Artificial Ligament—Clinical Results after a Long-Term Follow-Up

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Nanotopography Induced Human Bone Marrow Mesangiogenic Progenitor Cells (MPCs) to Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) Transition

“…However, the majority of the studies was conducted with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). Very recently our group demonstrated that nanogratings, alternate lines of sub-micrometer sized ridges and grooves, can effectively polarize BM-MSCs by pure contact interaction (Antonini et al, 2014), and promote enhanced osteo-differentiation with respect to flat surfaces (Antonini et al, 2016). There is indeed a large consensus considering BM-MSCs as the progenitors of the skeletal tissue related cell lineages for their ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondroblasts (Keating, 2012).…”

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