Human metapneumovirus in children with bronchiolitis or pneumonia in New Zealand

Werno, AM; Anderson, T. B.; Lc, Jennings; Jackson, PM; Murdoch, David R.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2004.00461.x

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although such methods overestimate prevalence, it is clear from numerous studies that hMPV is a common cause of respiratory tract infections in children throughout the world (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) and is often second only to RSV as a cause of bronchiolitis in infants (2,15). The seasonal peaks and age distribution favoring young children is highlighted by the findings by one study group that MPV accounted for 6% of all positive respiratory samples but 82% of positive samples from children in day care (16).…”

Section: Human Metapneumovirusmentioning

confidence: 91%

Human Metapneumovirus and Human Bocavirus in Children

Milder

Arnold

2009

Pediatr Res

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Several new viruses have recently been described in children, including human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human bocavirus (HBoV). hMPV has been established as a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children, often second only to respiratory syncytial virus as a cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Diagnostic tools have been developed for the clinician and effective treatment and prevention strategies are being investigated. HBoV was more recently identified. Although it was initially identified in the airway of children, high rates of codetection of other viral pathogens and detection of the virus in the stool have raised questions about the true role of HBoV as a cause of respiratory infections. A focus on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnostic techniques for hMPV and HBoV is presented.

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Section: Human Metapneumovirusmentioning

confidence: 91%

Human Metapneumovirus and Human Bocavirus in Children

Milder

Arnold

2009

Pediatr Res

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“…Human metapneumovirus real-time PCR was performed as previously described 17. In-house conventional PCR assays were performed using a reaction mixture containing 1× PCR buffer without MgCl 2 (Roche Diagnostics), 1.5–2.0 mM MgCl 2 , a 100 μM concentration of each deoxynucleoside triphosphate, a 0.5 μM concentration of each primer and 1.25 U Taq DNA polymerase (FastStart, Roche Diagnostics).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and characteristics of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Jennings

Anderson

Beynon

et al. 2008

Thorax

352

355

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Background: In adults, viral causes of communityacquired pneumonia (CAP) are poorly characterised. The aims of this study were to characterise the viral aetiology of CAP in adults by using an extensive array of viral diagnostic tests and to compare the characteristics of viral pneumonia with those of pneumococcal pneumonia. Methods: Adults admitted to Christchurch Hospital over a 1-year period with CAP were included in the study. Microbiological testing methods included blood and sputum cultures, urinary antigen testing for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila, antibody detection in paired sera and detection of respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal swabs by immunofluorescence, culture and PCR.

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“…In immunocompetent individuals, rhinoviral clearance after symptomatic infection is rapid (average 1-3 weeks). 18 Pneumonia was diagnosed in 10% of children admitted with acute human metapneumovirus respiratory infection, [63][64][65][66] with the highest prevalence (44%) in infants younger than 12 months. 66 It has also been recorded in 11-75% of children with human bocavirus infection.…”

Section: Paediatric Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral pneumonia

et al. 2011

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About 200 million cases of viral community-acquired pneumonia occur every year-100 million in children and 100 million in adults. Molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our understanding of the role of viruses in pneumonia, and findings indicate that the incidence of viral pneumonia has been underestimated. In children, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, and parainfluenza viruses are the agents identified most frequently in both developed and developing countries. Dual viral infections are common, and a third of children have evidence of viral-bacterial co-infection. In adults, viruses are the putative causative agents in a third of cases of community-acquired pneumonia, in particular influenza viruses, rhinoviruses, and coronaviruses. Bacteria continue to have a predominant role in adults with pneumonia. Presence of viral epidemics in the community, patient's age, speed of onset of illness, symptoms, biomarkers, radiographic changes, and response to treatment can help differentiate viral from bacterial pneumonia. However, no clinical algorithm exists that will distinguish clearly the cause of pneumonia. No clear consensus has been reached about whether patients with obvious viral community-acquired pneumonia need to be treated with antibiotics. Apart from neuraminidase inhibitors for pneumonia caused by influenza viruses, there is no clear role for use of specific antivirals to treat viral community-acquired pneumonia. Influenza vaccines are the only available specific preventive measures. Further studies are needed to better understand the cause and pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia. Furthermore, regional differences in cause of pneumonia should be investigated, in particular to obtain more data from developing countries.

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Human metapneumovirus in children with bronchiolitis or pneumonia in New Zealand

Abstract: The presence of hMPV in New Zealand has been confirmed in two selected paediatric patient groups, namely children diagnosed with bronchiolitis and pneumonia. These results indicate that hMPV is associated with a minority of cases of bronchiolitis or pneumonia in this patient group.

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Human Metapneumovirus and Human Bocavirus in Children

Human Metapneumovirus and Human Bocavirus in Children

Incidence and characteristics of viral community-acquired pneumonia in adults

Viral pneumonia

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