Human-Monkey Chimeras for Modeling Human Disease: Opportunities and Challenges

Angeles, Alejandro De Los; Hyun, Insoo; Latham, Stephen R.; Elsworth, John D.; Redmond, D. Eugene

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9524-0_15

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, they argue that a step-by-step research procedure should be followed to avoid the monkey's cognitive functions being enhanced as a result of the study. 21 We are in the midst of a biological revolution harnessing the engine of biology to serve our needs. We are even creating life synthetically.…”

Section: Biological Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animus: human-embodied animals

Savulescu,

Sawai

2023

J Med Ethics

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We review recent research to introduce human brain organoids into the brains of infant rats. This research shows these organoids integrate and function to affect behaviour in rats. We argue that this raises issues of moral status that will imminently arise and must be addressed through functional studies of these new life forms. We situate this research in the broader context of the biological revolution, arguing we already have the technological power to create fully human embodied animals. This raises profound, so far unaddressed ethical issues which call for urgent attention.

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Section: Biological Revolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animus: human-embodied animals

Savulescu,

Sawai

2023

J Med Ethics

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“…Although CRISPR/Cas9 technology has broad prospects in the developmentof animal husbandry, the low targeting efficiency, poor chimerism, and off-target effects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system [119] seriously restrict the sheep breeding process. Scientists are constantly optimizing the CRISPR/Cas9 system to be more efficient, accurate, and safe.…”

Section: Current Problems Of Gene Editing Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prospect and Application Research Progress of Precision Gene Editing Technology Based on CRISPR/Cas9 in Livestock Genetics and Breeding

Lu,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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With the continuous update of gene editing technology, great progress has been made in livestock breeding, researchers have produced gene edited pigs, cattle, sheep and other improved livestock. Gene editing technology is a genetic means to knock in, knock out, delete, inhibit, activate or replace specific bases of DNA or RNA sequences at the genome level to achieve accurate modification, and can edit genes at a fixed point without the need for DNA templates. In recent years, although regular clusters of interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system mediated gene editing technology has been widely used in animal genetic breeding research, but so far, the system's precise insertion efficiency of foreign genes is not high enough, and there are certain off-target effects, and it is not enough to be used in genome editing of large livestock such as cashmere goats. In this paper, the development status, challenges, application prospects and look into the distance of CRISPR/ Cas9-mediated precisiongene editing technology in livestock breeding were reviewed, in order to provide theoretical reference for livestock gene function analysis, genetic improvement and livestock breeding with local economic characteristics.

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“…Some argue that, if animals acquired psychological/mental abilities that only humans possess, this would violate human dignity, which would be morally problematic (Karpowicz et al 2005). As an example of animal disenhancement, in a research proposal about the intentional production of human-(non-ape) primate chimeras for modeling human neurological and psychiatric disease using blastocyst complementation, others show that the chimeric animals would be affected in ways that "compromise rather than enhance their normal capabilities and health" (De Los Angeles et al 2019). The other concern is that transplantation of brain organoids into the animal brains would change the brains of animal hosts in an unintended way.…”

Section: Ethical Issues Related To the Production Of Chimeric Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Ethical Issues of Brain Organoid Research and Application

et al. 2021

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In 2008, researchers created human three-dimensional neural tissueknown as the pioneering work of "brain organoids." In recent years, some researchers have transplanted human brain organoids into animal brains for applicational purposes. With these experiments have come many ethical concerns. It is thus an urgent task to clarify what is ethically permissible and impermissible in brain organoid research. This paper seeks (1) to sort out the ethical issues related to brain organoid research and application and (2) to propose future directions for additional ethical consideration and policy debates in the field. Toward (1), this paper first outlines the current state of brain organoid research, and then briefly responds to previously raised related ethical concerns. Looking next at anticipated scientific developments in brain organoid research, we will discuss (i) ethical issues related to in vitro brain organoids, (ii) ethical issues raised when brain organoids form complexes or have relationships with other entities, and (iii) ethical issues of research ethics and governance. Finally, in pursuit of (2), we propose research policies that are mindful of the ethics of brain organoid research and application and also suggest the need for an international framework for research and application of brain organoids.

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Human-Monkey Chimeras for Modeling Human Disease: Opportunities and Challenges

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Animus: human-embodied animals

Animus: human-embodied animals

The Prospect and Application Research Progress of Precision Gene Editing Technology Based on CRISPR/Cas9 in Livestock Genetics and Breeding

Mapping the Ethical Issues of Brain Organoid Research and Application

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