Human nutrition in cold and high terrestrial altitudes

Srivastava, Kamna; Kumar, Ratan

doi:10.1007/bf01208728

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…At higher altitudes, these are compounded by the difference in air pressure. 273 In their attempt to construct estimates of the living standards of Natives in the Canadian north during the fur trade era, Ann Carlos and Frank Lewis assert that it is necessary to adjust the basket of comparison to include more calories for the natives given the climate-they assert that 3500 calories were needed rather 2500 calories for English workers. 274 In Russia, Boris Mironov estimated that the average calories ingested stood at 2952 per day between 1865 and 1915 while the adult male had to consume 3204 calories per day.…”

Section: The Limits Of Welfare Ratios Relevant To This Work: Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Seeds of Divergence: The Economy of French North America, 1688 to 1760

Geloso

2016

SSRN Journal

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Section: The Limits Of Welfare Ratios Relevant To This Work: Weathermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Seeds of Divergence: The Economy of French North America, 1688 to 1760

Geloso

2016

SSRN Journal

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“…It would be necessary to construct an intuitive graphical user interface before this tool would be viable for use in the archaeological or historical community. For algorithm adjustments, there is evidence that higher altitudes may affect the caloric requirements and metabolic rate of humans [37,44]. It would be interesting to include an altitude factor when determining energetic paths in these environments.…”

Section: California Archaeological Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetic Path Finding across Massive Terrain Data

Tsui

Wood

2009

Advances in Visual Computing

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Energetic Path Finding Across Massive Terrain Data Andrew TsuiBefore there were airplanes, cars, trains, boats, or bicycles, the primary means of transportation was on foot. Unfortunately, many of the trails used by ancient travelers have long since been abandoned. We present a software tool which can help visualize and predict where these forgotten trails might lie through the use of a human-centered cost metric. By comparing the paths generated by our software with known historical trails, we demonstrate how the tool can indicate likely trails used by ancient travelers. In addition, this new tool provides novel visualizations to better help the user understand alternate paths, effect of terrain, and nearby areas of interest. Such a tool could be used by archaeologists and historians to better visualize and understand the terrain and paths around sites of historical interest.This thesis is a continuation of previous work, with emphasis on the ability to generate paths which traverse several thousand kilometers. To accomplish this, various graph simplification and path approximation algorithms are explored to construct a real-time path finding algorithm. To this end, we show that it is possible to restrict the search space for a path finding algorithm while not disrupting accuracy. Combined with a multi-threaded variant of Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm, we present a tool capable of traversing the contiguous US, a dataset containing over 19 billion datapoints, in under three hours on a 2.5 Ghz dual core processor. The tool is demonstrated on several examples which show the potential archaeological and historical applicability, and provide avenues for future improvements.iv

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“…The entry of amino acids into neural tissues and brain is modulated by the relative concentration of specific amino acids in the blood. So it would be ideal to design food with high tryptophan food to alleviate sleep disturbance, higher glutamic acid food for deterioration in cognitive function and higher phenylalanine/ tyrosine for hindering mood depression for high performance at high altitude 36 . Supplementation of branched chain amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine and valine have been reported to prevent muscle loss during trekking at high altitude 37 .…”

Section: Nutrition At High Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional requirement at high-altitude with special emphasises to behaviour of gastro-intestinal tract and hormonal changes

Naveen

Anusha

2017

Def. Life. Sc. Jl.

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8. The traditional classification of hypoxia has only two subgroups based on empirical observations i.e., chronic and acute hypoxia (Fig. 3). Acute hypoxia response occurs within minutes of exposure to a hypoxic environment i.e., symptoms occur in first few hours-days. Some of the symptoms are hyperventilation, insomnia, fatigue, dizziness and gastrointestinal disturbances. In chronic hypoxia, the term 'chronic' is used to indicate the time interval which ranges over weeks and months. However long term adaptation to hypoxia has been studied in human populations in Himalayas, Ethiopian and Andes over generation 9 . According to Best and Taylor 10 hypoxia is classified into four main type's i.e., Hypoxic hypoxia, anemic hypoxia, stagnant hypoxia and histotoxic hypoxia as shown in Fig. 4. Nutritional Requirement at High-altitude with Special Emphasis to ABSTRACTWhen people are exposed to the extreme environmental conditions, such as high altitude where there is decrease in temperature and partial pressure of oxygen induces fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite and increased cardiac output. Hence there is need to improve the appetite through the diet and digestion clout of the individual. In the present review paper the efficiency of digestion is compromised at high altitude is discussed. Also about, Hypoxia, resulting by decreased partial pressure of oxygen can be classified into acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia based on the exposure time. There is increased formation of reactive oxygen species due to less oxygen available in the air at high altitude which leads to oxidative stress. Lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress. Hypoxia is mediated through hypoxia inducible factors which maintain oxygen haemostasis in the body. At high altitude diet rich in carbohydrates have been found to be beneficial as it increases glucose metabolism. Requirement of nutrients such as vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C as well as micronutrients such as zinc, iron, selenium, copper and manganese will be required at high altitude. Hypoxia effect on the intestine leads to malabsorption and the lipid storage is stimulated and lipid catabolism is inhibited through β-oxidation. Defence Life Science Journal, Vol. 2, No. 2, April 2017, pp. 120-127, DOI : 10. Hypoxic hypoxia is caused when there is low oxygen tension in the inhaled air as a result of which the haemoglobin present in the erythrocyte cannot saturate the fully saturate with oxygen leading to lack of oxygen in arterial blood. This is one of the most serious forms of hypoxia. Anemic hypoxia is a less serious condition than hypoxic hypoxia and it may be caused by an insufficient transport function of the haemoglobin. Stagnant/ Circulatory hypoxia arises when the amount of oxygen reaching the tissue is inadequate. This turn leads to reduced rate of blood circulation thereby allowing accumulation of carbon dioxide in the tissue. Histotoxic hypoxia is a condition where there is normal amount of oxygen in the blood and under normal tension but the cells are unable to accept oxygen...

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Human nutrition in cold and high terrestrial altitudes

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

The Seeds of Divergence: The Economy of French North America, 1688 to 1760

The Seeds of Divergence: The Economy of French North America, 1688 to 1760

Energetic Path Finding across Massive Terrain Data

Nutritional requirement at high-altitude with special emphasises to behaviour of gastro-intestinal tract and hormonal changes

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