Human ocular dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria repens: an underdiagnosed entity or emerging filarial disease?

Human subcutaneous dirofilariasis: the ‘migrating’ skin tumor

“…Knott’s test is the golden standard for identifying microfilariae in the blood, though not useful in humans, as microfilariae rarely develop in humans [ 14 ]. Eosinophilia may be seen [ 4 , 22 , 23 ]. Given the nematode’s motility, high-resolution ultrasound imaging is beneficial in identifying the motility prior to morphological identification.…”