Human Osteosarcomas: Immunologic Evidence Suggesting an Associated Infectious Agent

Morton, Donald L.; Malmgren, Richard A.

doi:10.1126/science.162.3859.1279

Cited by 167 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Hellstr6m, Hellstr6m, Bill, Pierce, and Yang described cell Received for publications 17 October 1973 and in revised form 4 November 1974. mediated-immunity to neuroblastoma in mothers of infants with that tumor (1). Morton and Malmgren demonstrated a high incidence of tumor-specific antibodies in family members of osteogenic sarcoma patients (2). This, in conjunction with their other studies, was interpreted as evidence for a possible viral etiology in some human cancers (3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Morton and Malmgren reported that 80-90% of relatives of osteogenic sarcoma patients had antisarcoma antibodies as measured by immunofluorescence, and that 29% of the normal population also had this immunity (2). In a later report, Eilber and Morton also demonstrated antisarcoma immunity in 60-100% of relatives of patients with synovial cell sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or fibrosarcoma (4).…”

Section: The Assaymentioning

confidence: 86%

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Tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity in household contacts of cancer patients..

Byers¹,

Levin²,

Hackett³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Patients with osteogenic sarcoma (and related tumors), hypernephroma, and breast carcinoma, and their household contacts were tested for tumorspecific cell-mediated immunity against these tumors with the use of a short-term chromium-51 release assay. This assay, reproducible over many months and well-correlated with the clinical course of the patients, was used to demonstrate that household contacts of patients with osteogenic sarcoma and breast carcinoma have specific immunity against the tumor type with which they have been in contact. In both types of tumors, the range of cytotoxicity values produced by lymphocytes from the household contacts was significantly higher than that of the normal population. The incidence of immunity was much higher in household contacts of patients with breast carcinoma than in those of patients with osteogenic sarcoma. Immunity was found with equal frequency in men and women, as well as in genetically and nongenetically related household contacts (guardians, adopted children, spouses).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: The Assaymentioning

confidence: 86%

Tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity in household contacts of cancer patients..

Byers¹,

Levin²,

Hackett³

et al. 1975

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…The cell membrane is the site of antigens associated with sarcoma (Morton et al 1969), and antibodies against tumour cells have been demonstrated in osteosarcoma patients. Treated osteosarcoma patients showing no symptoms of disease for several years carry high levels of cytotoxic antibodies against the neoplasm (Morton & Malmgren 1968). The cytotoxic antibody levels were found to be inversely correlated with the presence of tumour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Immunotherapy with Irradiated Tumour Cells and Bcg in Experimental Osteosarcoma

Larsson

Lorentzon

Boquist

1981

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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“…He had no history of contact with breast-cancer patients. In this context, a number of investigators (Burger et al, 1977;G-raham-Pole et al, 1976;Byers et al, 1975;Morton & Malmgren, 1968) have reported that close family contacts of cancer patients may be sensitized to the cancer since they react in in vitro assays that measure antitumour immunity. Although extensive family studies were not undertaken, no positive responses were recorded in the 10 families tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of false positive and negative responses in the tube leucocyte adherence inhibition (tube LAI) assay

O’Connor¹,

MacFarlane²,

Murray³

et al. 1978

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-A panel of 5 different breast-cancer and 2 other cancer extracts was used to clarify the false-negative responses in patients with Stage I and II breast cancer and the false-positive responses in control subjects. Most patients with Stage I and II breast cancer who had an initially negative LAI response were positive when tested against the panel. The false negatives occurred because of (1) the experimental errors of the assay; (2) changes in the antigenic strength of the extracts; (3) antigenic heterogeneity of a few tumours and (4) lack of tumour-specific reactivity of the host. 3%0 of control subjects had a false-positive LAI response. The leucocytes from most of these positive patients did not react to the panel of antigens, and hence the false positives appeared to result from experimental error. In-hospital patients with benign breast disease had a 12% positivity rate when initially assayed, and 63% of these patients reacted to the panel of breast-cancer antigens. Those patients with benign breast disease who reacted to the panel of breast-cancer antigens had cytophilic anti -breast -cancer antibody in their serum; their leucocyte LAI reactivity was blocked in an immunologically specific manner by serum from advanced Stage IV breast-cancer patients; their leucocytes reacted to extracts of breast cancer and not fibrocystic breast tissue; their leucocyte reactivity was blocked by isolated breastcancer TSA that was linked to /2 microglobulin, but not by normal breast-tissue proteins; and the kinetics of the LAI response after excision of the breast mass was identical to that observed with breast-cancer patients after mastectomy. In these patients, the breast tissue within the breast lump expressed breast TSA similar to unequivocal breast cancer.

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Human Osteosarcomas: Immunologic Evidence Suggesting an Associated Infectious Agent

Cited by 167 publications

References 7 publications

Tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity in household contacts of cancer patients..

Tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity in household contacts of cancer patients..

Immunotherapy with Irradiated Tumour Cells and Bcg in Experimental Osteosarcoma

A study of false positive and negative responses in the tube leucocyte adherence inhibition (tube LAI) assay

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