Human papillomavirus and coinfections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis, and Trichomonas vaginalis in self-collected samples from female sex workers in the Central-Western region of Brazil

Lugo, Larissa Zatorre Almeida; Jacob, Camila Mareti Bonin; Machado, Ana Paula; Almeida, Flávia Gatto de; Ávila, Leandro S.; Prata, Thiago Theodoro Martins; Padovani, Cacilda Tezelli Junqueira; Ferreira, Alda Maria Teixeira; Fernandes, Carlos Eurico dos Santos; Tozetti, Inês Aparecida

doi:10.5935/1676-2444.20180010

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…However, female sex workers seem more aware of prevention strategies and more up to date on cervical cancer screening than non-female sex workers 10. It is known that the overall HPV prevalence is high in this population, affecting approximately 42.7% of female sex workers (with a range of 2.3% to 100%),12 but little is known about HPV prevalence in Brazil 13. Regarding male sex workers (MSW), information characterising their practices, the contexts where they live and their needs is very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating sexual health in sex workers and men who have sex with men: the SMESH cross-sectional protocol study

et al. 2019

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IntroductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, and vaginal and anal sex are the most common transmission routes. Sex workers and men who have sex with men (MSM) are more exposed to the virus, and therefore, a higher frequency of this infection would be expected. The prevalence of HPV infection types and the forms and factors of transmission must be investigated to control infection-related outcomes. This protocol study will be the first nationwide study with a uniform methodology to evaluate HPV prevalence of and infection types among sex workers and MSM in Brazil.Methods and analysisThis multicentre cross-sectional study will be conducted with a respondent-driven sampling method to recruit 1174 sex workers and 1198 MSM from all regions of Brazil. The study will consist of preliminary interviews to verify the eligibility criteria and characterise the network size as well as a second questionnaire to obtain sociodemographic, behavioural and sexual information. Specimens from the oral cavity and anal and cervical or penile/scrotal sites will be collected. All HPV samples will be processed in a certified central laboratory. Other sexually transmitted infections will be evaluated by interview and by rapid testing for HIV and syphilis. Strict quality control will be conducted using different procedures, including the training and certification of the health professionals responsible for acquiring data and monitoring visits.Ethics and disseminationThe project was approved by the research ethics committee of the main institution and the corresponding ethics committees of the recruitment sites. Due to the literature gap on the sexual health of sex workers and MSM and the intense stigma surrounding these populations, a critical analysis of the study results will contribute to epidemiological knowledge and will be useful for the development of strategies against virus morbidities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating sexual health in sex workers and men who have sex with men: the SMESH cross-sectional protocol study

et al. 2019

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“…In this context, it is important to evaluate the influence of TV and HPV co-infection in the genital tract of women without cervical cancer to understand these cofactors. However, the differences in prevalence are observed globally, with 1.9% in Busan/South Korea [ 24 ], 3.1% in Shanghai/China [ 25 ], 5.6% in female sex workers in the Midwest region of Brazil [ 26 ], 5.7% in Bahia/Brazil [ 27 ], 31.4% in Kenya [ 28 ], 18.8% in Beijing/China [ 29 ], and 24% in the rural area of Ngaramtoni /Tanzania [ 13 ]. The results presented here demonstrate a 27% co-infection prevalence of TV and HPV, which is in line with the studies mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichomonas vaginalis as a risk factor for human papillomavirus: a study with women undergoing cervical cancer screening in a northeast region of Brazil

et al. 2021

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Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infections are the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) globally. The latter has contributed to a variety of adverse outcomes for both sexes. Moreover, in Brazil, epidemiological studies on patients with STIs are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of TV and its association with HPV in women undergoing cervical cancer screening. Methods Women with a normal cervix were recruited from a community-based cervical cancer screening program. Gynecological examinations were conducted, and questionnaires were provided. Vaginal canal and uterine cervix samples were collected for cytological examinations (reported using the 2001 Bethesda System) and tested for the presence of TV and HPV DNA. Results In total, 562 women who attended public primary healthcare were included in the study. The T. vaginalis was present in 19.0% (107) and HPV DNA was present in 46.8% (263) of women. Among the women of TV 73.8% (79) had a co-infection with HPV (p = 0.001). Conclusions We concluded that a TV infection is associated with an HPV infection of the cervix as well as with the cervical cytological abnormalities. Further studies could reveal the mechanisms by which these two organisms interact at the cellular level, with control for shared behavioral risk factors.

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“…Thus, the results in studies on the co-infection of HPV and TV in the genital tract of women without cervical cancer are justi ed. However, the differences in prevalence are observed globally, with 1.9% in Busan/South Korea [24], 3.1% in Shanghai/China [25], 5.6% in female sex workers in the Midwest region of Brazil [26], 5.7% in Bahia/Brazil [27], 31.4% in Kenya [28], 18.8% in Beijing/China [29], and 24% in the rural area around Ngaramtoni /Tanzania [13]. The results presented here demonstrate a 27% co-infection prevalence of HPV and TV, which is in line with the studies mentioned previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichomonas Vaginalis as A Risk Factor for Human Papillomavirus: A Study With Women Undergoing Cervical Cancer Screening

Belfort

Cunha

Mendes

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infections are the most common STIs. The latter has contributed to a variety of adverse outcomes for both sexes. Moreover, in Brazil, epidemiological studies on patients with STIs are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of TV and its association with HPV in women undergoing cervical cancer screening. MethodsWomen with a normal cervix were recruited from a community-based cervical cancer screening program. Gynecological examinations were conducted and questionnaires were provided. Vaginal canal and uterine cervix samples were collected and tested for the presence of TV and HPV DNA. ResultsThe overall prevalence of HPV DNA was 45.68%; among these, 27.1% had a co-infection with TV (p = 0.001). The presence of TV was associated with an increased risk of HPV (p = 0.0001) and previously identified cytological changes (p = 0.0001). ConclusionsWe concluded that a TV infection is associated with an HPV infection of the cervix as well as with the cervical cytological abnormalities. Further studies could reveal the mechanisms by which these two organisms interact at the cellular level, with control for shared behavioral risk factors. This research is in agreement with Resolution No. 466/2012 of the National Health Council and has the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Universitário Presidente Dutra, from Universidade Federal do Maranhão, under opinion number 76328917.5.0000.5086.

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Human papillomavirus and coinfections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis, and Trichomonas vaginalis in self-collected samples from female sex workers in the Central-Western region of Brazil

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluating sexual health in sex workers and men who have sex with men: the SMESH cross-sectional protocol study

Evaluating sexual health in sex workers and men who have sex with men: the SMESH cross-sectional protocol study

Trichomonas vaginalis as a risk factor for human papillomavirus: a study with women undergoing cervical cancer screening in a northeast region of Brazil

Trichomonas Vaginalis as A Risk Factor for Human Papillomavirus: A Study With Women Undergoing Cervical Cancer Screening

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