The article "HPV and oral squamous cell carcinoma: a review of HPV-positive OSCC and possible strategies for future" provides inspiring insights into the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as well as the possible strategies that we can adopt in future to minimize its health impact on the population [1]. This association has been widely recognized in recent years, particularly, for the high-risk HPV 16 and 18 strains. The cancer-inducing proteins E6 and E7 of HPV have been identified to be the main factors that inhibit the tumor suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma protein (pRb), contributing to the development of OSCC. It also has been confirmed that HPV infection is associated with OSCC prognosis. Compared to HPV-negative OSCC patients, HPV-positive OSCC patients have a better prognosis [2].At present, there is no suitable OSCC HPV infection detection method approved by the health administration. Potential methods include immunohistochemical detection of p16 expression, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or in situ hybridization detection method, which are used to indirectly reflect the HPV infection status. Due to the ineffectiveness of these methods, there are no HPV infection status screening programs for the OSCC high-risk group. Therefore, developing effective HPV detection methods for the early detection and treatment of HPV-induced OSCC is of great significance.HPV vaccine has been listed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for >10 years. We have witnessed the development of the HPV vaccine from the initial stage of protection against two HPV strains (HPV 16 and 18) to much wider protection against nine strains (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58). The coverage of pathogenic HPV has increased from 70% to 90%. HPV vaccines play an important role in the prevention of HPV infection in the reproductive tract. However, the role of HPV vaccine in the prevention of oral HPV infection remains to be further investigated. It is still unclear whether the vaccine has effects on oral HPV infection [1]. There is also a lack of research on this topic. Studies with large sample sizes and on both genders are needed for the confirmation of the protective effects.In the recent 10 years, the incidence of OSCC has increased. This fact has reinforced the necessity for research into clarification of the relationship among oral HPV infection, HPV-positive OSCC, and HPV vaccines. This article makes this question clearer and discusses possible strategies, considering that the association between HPV vaccine and HPV-positive OSCC is confirmed [1].The most effective protective measure for HPV infection is the HPV vaccine [3]. However, people's participation in HPV vaccination programs is significantly lower than for other vaccines. Based on statistics from the US, in 2015, the HPV vaccination participation rate was 41.9% and 28.1%, respectively, among girls and boys aged 13-17 years. These rates are much lower than the target set by the US, which expects an 8...