Human papillomavirus infection and anal cytology in Taiwanese homosexual men with and without HIV infection

Wang, Chi-Chao; Chang, Shih-Lung; Chu, Fang-Yeh; Cheng, Chien-Yu; Cheng, Shu‐Hsing

doi:10.3855/jidc.11162

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Leng et al (2017) 36 Donà et al (2012) 37 Ruanpeng et al (2016) 38 Damay et al (2010) 39 Wang et al (2019) 40 For HIV-negative MSW, HR-HPV prevalence was low relative to all other risk groups, but nonetheless present (including HPV16) across all age groups. To our knowledge, these data provide the most robust evidence to date on the prevalence of HPV infection in men without established risk factors, highlighting background transmission in the absence of anal sexual intercourse (as observed in women).…”

Section: Cytology Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 29 900 men according to HIV status, sexuality, and age: a collaborative pooled analysis of 64 studies

et al. 2021

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Background Robust age-specific estimates of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in men can inform anal cancer prevention efforts. We aimed to evaluate the age-specific prevalence of anal HPV, HSIL, and their combination, in men, stratified by HIV status and sexuality. MethodsWe did a systematic review for studies on anal HPV infection in men and a pooled analysis of individuallevel data from eligible studies across four groups: HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), HIV-negative MSM, HIV-positive men who have sex with women (MSW), and HIV-negative MSW. Studies were required to inform on type-specific HPV infection (at least HPV16), detected by use of a PCR-based test from anal swabs, HIV status, sexuality (MSM, including those who have sex with men only or also with women, or MSW), and age. Authors of eligible studies with a sample size of 200 participants or more were invited to share deidentified individual-level data on the above four variables. Authors of studies including 40 or more HIV-positive MSW or 40 or more men from Africa (irrespective of HIV status and sexuality) were also invited to share these data. Pooled estimates of anal high-risk HPV (HR-HPV, including HPV16,

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Section: Cytology Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 29 900 men according to HIV status, sexuality, and age: a collaborative pooled analysis of 64 studies

et al. 2021

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“…This trend has been reported to be similar in other Asian countries, including Japan. 4,[11][12][13] However, there are still no published reports on HRA, tissue diagnosis, HGAIN ablation, or even post-treatment adverse events. Our results are consistent with reports from Europe and the United States, and we hope that our findings will spread awareness that this disease is one that should be addressed with a sense of urgency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution anoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus-related anal intraepithelial neoplasia in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive men who have sex with men in Japan

Kitamura¹,

Itoda²,

Okodo³

et al. 2022

JCPCR

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Background: In the US and Europe, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive patients who do not have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and have human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the anal canal have a significantly increased risk of developing anal cancer. Examination and ablation using high-resolution anoscope (HRA) are widely performed for the treatment of high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasm (HGAIN), a precancerous condition. The increasing risk of anal cancer by HPV is a concern also in Japan and other Asian countries, but systematic examination and treatment is lacking. Therefore, we performed the first prospective single-arm study of tissue biopsy and HRA treatment in Japan. Methods:From April 2016 to March 2020 at Kyorin University Hospital and cooperating institutions, we performed anal Pap smears on 125 HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men (MSM) and conducted HRA and tissue biopsy. Additionally, in the case of HGAIN, we conducted ablation.Results: Among the tissue samples, 43.2% were positive for atypical cells. Fifty-two patients gave consent and underwent HRA and tissue biopsy; low-grade (LG)AIN was identified in 14 patients and HGAIN was identified in 38 patients. Seven patients in the HGAIN group did not consent to abrasion. A total of 105 cumulative HRAs were analyzed for association with independent variables (degree of AIN, high-risk HPV genotype, and patient data). There were significant associations between worse AIN and both the presence of genotype 16 or 68 and the number of receptive anal intercourse without condoms. No cancer was detected in this study. Conclusion:Together with the risk factors, HRA is useful for the early detection of highgrade precancerous lesions.

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“…Wang et al . [ 23 ] recently reported significant difference in a-SIL prevalence in HIV positive MSM compared to HIV negative counterparts (20.8% versus 4.8%, P < 0.001). Notably, there is dearth of data on anal cytology from India; with only a handful studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of hTERT Gene Expression and Chromosome 7 Copy Number Variation in Anal Squamous Intra-Epithelial Lesions

Wadhwa¹,

Arora²,

Aggarwal³

et al. 2022

Journal of Cytology

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Background: Akin to cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN), anal squamous intra-epithelial lesion (a-SIL) is attributed to persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma virus infection. Amplification of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene and aneuploidy are known to correlate with CIN evolution. It is plausible that the underlying genetic events in a-SIL are similar. We conducted this cross-sectional analytical study with the objective of determining expression of hTERT gene expression and chromosome 7, as marker of cell ploidy in a-SIL. Methods: Conventional anal cytology was performed in 86 adult consenting subjects with history of receptive anal intercourse (RAI) and 4 controls without history of RAI. Cases with a-SIL and controls were subjected to fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) to evaluate hTERT gene and chromosome 7 expression, as marker of cell ploidy. Results were expressed as number of abnormal nuclei (≥3 respective signals), maximum degree of amplification, mean signals/nucleus and proportion of cases showing abnormal nuclei. Results: Twenty cases showed a-SIL; with 15 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 3 low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (LSIL) and 2 cases of high-risk cytology. Expression of both hTERT gene and chromosome 7 increased from controls to ASCUS to LSIL with concomitant increase in proportion of cases having abnormal hTERT gene and chromosome 7 expression. Conclusions: Positive association of hTERT gene with a-SIL suggests its possible role in evolution of anal squamous abnormalities. Increase in chromosome 7 also correlated positively with a-SIL. These findings corroborate the similarities between squamous carcinogenesis in CIN and a-SIL.

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Human papillomavirus infection and anal cytology in Taiwanese homosexual men with and without HIV infection

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

Epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 29 900 men according to HIV status, sexuality, and age: a collaborative pooled analysis of 64 studies

Epidemiology of anal human papillomavirus infection and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in 29 900 men according to HIV status, sexuality, and age: a collaborative pooled analysis of 64 studies

High-resolution anoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus-related anal intraepithelial neoplasia in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive men who have sex with men in Japan

Evaluation of hTERT Gene Expression and Chromosome 7 Copy Number Variation in Anal Squamous Intra-Epithelial Lesions

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