Human papillomavirus research on the prevention, diagnosis, and prognosis of cervical cancer in Taiwan

Abstract

Cervical cancer is third in incidence and fourth in mortality among cancers of women worldwide. Epidemiological studies have shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary, if not sufficient, to cause nearly 100% of cervical cancers. HPV testing is useful in primary screening for cervical neoplasms. The value of HPV detection or genotyping is potentially useful in triage of borderline or low-grade abnormal cervical cytology, follow-up after treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, assessment of prognosis and treatment planning for invasive cervical cancer. Studies from Chang Gung Memorial Hospital have defined the genotype distribution of cervical cancer in Taiwan and confirmed the independent prognostic value of the HPV genotype in cervical cancer. The cost-effectiveness of using HPV testing in prevention and management of cervical neoplasms depends on the medical and public health infrastructure of the individual country. The population-based HPV prevalence and genotype distribution as well as longitudinal follow-up studies have established strong support for incorporating HPV testing with cervical cytology and for future comparisons of HPV epidemiology before and after implementation of HPV prophylactic vaccines in Taiwan. Future directions in HPV research are discussed. (Chang Gung Med J 2012;35: 297-308) Key words: cervical neoplasm, human papillomavirus, cancer screening, prognosis ( 1) zur Hausen first suggested that human papillomavirus (HPV) was likely to be a sexually transmitted agent in the mid-1970s.(2) More recent molecular and epidemiological studies have shown that HPV is the main causative agent of cervical neoplasms. HPV contributes to the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and subsequent invasive carcinomas.(3) To date, approximately 120 different HPV types that infect humans have been indentified. The 15 leading HPV types (HPV16,18,58,33,52,39,45,31,51,56,59,35,68, 73, and 82) that have been linked to cervical cancer constitute high-risk types. (4) Characterization of the HPV types according to phylogenetic species resulted in their assignment to the following groups: α1/α8/α10 (HPV6,11,40,32,42,43,44,55, and 74), α3/α15 (HPV61,62, 71, 72, 81, Prof. Chyong-Huey Lai

<p>Role of GSDMB in Pyroptosis and Cancer</p>

“…Cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with an oncogenic strain of high-risk human papillomavirus. 57,58 Tumor stages, grade of differentiation, smoking status, use of oral contraceptives, and postmenopausal age may each increase cervical carcinogenesis risk. In squamous cell carcinomas, Lutkowska et al showed that polymorphisms within two non-major histocompatibility loci are associated with invasive Cervical cancer.…”

Upregulated GSDMB in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Is Associated with Immune Infiltrates and Poor Prognosis

“…The N-terminal domain of GSDMB could link up with sulfatide distinctively, and since the overexpression of sulfatide is often associated with the progression of cancer, it suggests that GSDMB may have a significant function in cancer cell metastasis and migration [ 16 – 19 ]. A few articles regarding the role of GSDMB in oncogeny of few different cancers have been published recently, involving breast cancer, gastric cancer, and cervical squamous cell carcinomas [ 20 – 22 ]. Nevertheless, a comprehensive exploration of GSDMB's expression and its value as a prognostic indicator in ccRCC has not been performed.…”