Human Papillomaviruses-Related Cancers: An Update on the Presence and Prevention Strategies in the Middle East and North African Regions

Fernandes, Queenie; Allouch, Soumaya; Gupta, Ishita; Elmakaty, Ibrahim; Elzawawi, Khaled E.; Amarah, Ahmed; Al-Thawadi, Hamda; Al-Farsi, Halema; Vranić, Semir; Moustafa, Ala-Eddin Al

doi:10.3390/pathogens11111380

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…More importantly, our findings point out that HR HPVs coinfection in human CRC can play an important role in its progression, since it is clearly associated with advanced tumor stage. Therefore, HPV vaccines must be utilized in order to prevent CRC initiation or progression [ 81 ]; in this regard, most of the currently available vaccines for HPV are based on offering protection against HPVs 16 and 18 as the main two HR HPV types [ 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Therefore, the recent 9-valent HPV vaccine [ 85 ] is maybe the best suited vaccine based on our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coinfection of HPVs Is Associated with Advanced Stage in Colorectal Cancer Patients from Qatar

et al. 2023

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High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are considered risk factors in the origin of several human malignancies, such as breast, cervical, head and neck, as well as colorectal cancers. However, there are no data reported on the HPV status in colorectal cancer in the State of Qatar. Therefore, we herein examined the presence of high-risk HPVs (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 51, 52, and 59), using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a cohort of 100 Qatari colorectal cancer patients, and their association with tumor phenotype. We found that high-risk HPV types 16, 18, 31, 35, 45, 51, 52, and 59 were present in 4, 36, 14, 5, 14, 6, 41, and 17% of our samples, respectively. Overall, 69 (69%) of the 100 samples were HPV positive; among these, 34/100 (34%) were positive for single HPV subtypes, while 35/100 (35%) of the samples were positive for two or more HPV subtypes. No significant association was noted between the presence of HPV and tumor grade, stage, or location. However, the presence of coinfection of HPV subtypes strongly correlated with advanced stage (stage 3 and 4) colorectal cancer, indicating that the copresence of more than one HPV subtype can significantly worsen the prognosis of colorectal cancer. The results from this study imply that coinfection with high-risk HPV subtypes is associated with the development of colorectal cancer in the Qatari population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coinfection of HPVs Is Associated with Advanced Stage in Colorectal Cancer Patients from Qatar

et al. 2023

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“…To prohibit the infections caused by both high-and low-risk HPV strains, several prophylactic vaccinations have also been created recently. 107 Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and patrolling macrophages of the immune system, in particular, do not often cause any harm to the virus under normal conditions. However, reports claim that generating merely a tiny amount of antibodies is frequently enough to block new infections caused by the same HPV genotype.…”

Section: Prevention Strategies For Hpvs Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although sexual activity is one of the primary routes for HPV transmission, adopting the appropriate precautions is crucial for reducing the disease's spread. To prohibit the infections caused by both high‐ and low‐risk HPV strains, several prophylactic vaccinations have also been created recently 107 …”

Section: Prevention and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review on the molecular and clinical association between Human Papillomavirus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co‐infection in Head, Neck and Oral squamous cell carcinoma

Chakraborty

Ramasubbu

Banerjee

et al. 2023

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Head and neck cancer, one of the most commonly prevalent malignancies globally is a complex category of tumours that comprises cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. A specific subgroup of such cancers has been found with some unique chromosomal, therapeutic, and epidemiologic traits with the possibility of affecting via co‐infection. About 25% of all head and neck cancers in the population are human papillomavirus infection (HPV)‐associated, typically developing in the oropharynx, which comprises the tonsils. In the period of efficient combined antiviral treatment, HPV‐positive oral cancers are also becoming a significant contributor to illness and fatality for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)‐infected persons. Although the prevalence and historical background of oral HPV transmission are not thoroughly understood, it seems likely that oral HPV transmission is relatively frequent in HIV‐infected people when compared to the overall population. Therefore, there is a need to understand the mechanisms leading to this co‐infection, as there is very little research related to that. Hence, this study mainly focus on the therapeutical and biomedical analysis of HPV and HIV co‐infection in the above‐mentioned cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma.

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“… 22–24 However, there is sufficient evidence indicating that the burden of HPV-related cancers represents a public health issue warranting intervention. 25 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even in Kuwait, a high-income country, the vaccine is not part of the routine immunization program and the two-dose HPV vaccine costs about 150 Kuwaiti dinars (KWD, about 490 US dollars). 25 , 32 Thus, unwillingness to pay for the vaccine can be a major constraint driving HPV vaccination hesitancy/resistance. 22 , 33 Furthermore, an issue that came to light following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, is the embrace of conspiratorial ideas regarding vaccination which was widely prevalent in the Middle East, even among educated study groups (e.g., health professionals).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to get HPV vaccination among female university students in Kuwait and its relation to vaccine conspiracy beliefs

Alsanafi

Salim

Sallam

2023

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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A substantial burden of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and HPV-related cancers can be mitigated by vaccination. The current study aimed to investigate the willingness of female students at the University of Kuwait to get HPV vaccination and its possible association with general vaccine conspiracy beliefs (VCBs). This cross-sectional survey study was conducted during September–November 2022 using a validated VCB scale as the survey instrument. The final sample comprised 611 respondents with a median age of 22 y and a majority of Arab ethnicity ( n = 600, 98.2%). Only 360 respondents (56.9%) heard of HPV before participation and these students showed an above-average level of HPV knowledge (mean knowledge score of 12.7 ± 2.6 out of 16 as the maximum score), of whom only 33 self-reported HPV vaccine uptake (9.2%). The willingness to accept free-of-charge HPV vaccination was seen among 69.8% of the participants, with 20.1% who were hesitant and 10.1% who were resistant. The acceptance of HPV vaccination if payment is required was 23.1%. Reasons for HPV vaccine hesitancy/resistance included complacency to the HPV disease risks, lack of confidence in HPV vaccination, and inconvenience. The embrace of VCBs was associated with significantly higher odds of HPV vaccine hesitancy/resistance. The current study showed the detrimental impact of endorsing vaccine conspiracy beliefs manifested in lower intention to get HPV vaccination among female university students in Kuwait. This should be considered in vaccine promotion efforts aiming to reduce the burden of HPV cancers.

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Human Papillomaviruses-Related Cancers: An Update on the Presence and Prevention Strategies in the Middle East and North African Regions

Cited by 10 publications

References 219 publications

Coinfection of HPVs Is Associated with Advanced Stage in Colorectal Cancer Patients from Qatar

Coinfection of HPVs Is Associated with Advanced Stage in Colorectal Cancer Patients from Qatar

A systematic review on the molecular and clinical association between Human Papillomavirus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co‐infection in Head, Neck and Oral squamous cell carcinoma

Willingness to get HPV vaccination among female university students in Kuwait and its relation to vaccine conspiracy beliefs

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