Human parvovirus infection in haemophiliacs first infused with treated clotting factor concentrates

Abstract

A group of 27 first infused haemophiliacs was studied for association between heat-treated clotting factor concentrates and transmission of human parvovirus B19. The prevalence rate of B19 antibody, detected by the Immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP) reaction, was 55.5% in this group of first infused subjects, significantly higher than the 29.3% of the control group of 58 healthy blood donors but lower than the 93.3% of antibody positive subjects in a group of 30 haemophiliacs multitreated with unheated products. Five of 17 B19 antibody negative patients produced human parvovirus IgM, detectable by radioimmunoassay, after the first treatment with heated concentrates; two of them developed viraemia 6 and 10 days, respectively, after the first infusion dose. These results lead to the conclusion that human parvovirus is transmissible by blood derivatives even when they have been exposed to steam- or dry-heat treatment.

Human recombinant factor IX: safety and efficacy studies in hemophilia B patients previously treated with plasma-derived factor IX concentrates

“…[6][7][8][9] Outbreaks of hepatitis A virus (HAV) 10,11 and the transmission of parvovirus 12,13 in persons with hemophilia, including those treated exclusively with clotting-factor concentrates considered safe against HIV and HCV, 14 raise further concerns about the transmission of small nonenveloped viruses with pooled human plasma-derived clotting factor concentrates. This concern has stimulated intense efforts to develop recombinant human factor VIII (rFVIII) and factor IX (rFIX) products for use in persons with hemophilia A and B.…”

Human Parvovirus B19 Antibodies Are Less Frequent among Patients Treated with Factor IX Concentrate Inactivated by Ultrafiltration: A Report from a Single Spanish Institution

“…The human parvovirus B19 (B19), a thermoresistant non-lipid enveloped virus, can be transmitted by coagulation factor concentrates despite the virucidal methods [1,2]. Therefore, in patients with congenital bleeding disorders infused with plasma-derived factor VIII or factor IX concentrates, the prevalence of antibodies against B19 is higher than among the general population [3,4].…”

“…Transmission of B19 has been reported after infusion of heated (dry-heated, steamheated and pasteurized) or solvent-detergent concentrates [1,2,5]. Furthermore, B19 can be transmitted by concentrates with double viral inactivation: solvent-detergent and heat for 30 min in a lyophilized state at 100 C [6].…”

High Prevalence of Parvovirus B19 IgG Antibodies among Dutch Hemophilia Patients

“…In the production of blood products, current virus-inactivating steps seem to be ineffective to prevent transmission of Parvo B19 [11, 12, 13, 14]. In particular, hemophilia patients receiving blood products on a regular basis are at risk of acquiring B19 infection [15, 16, 17, 18]. …”