Human-pathogenic Anaplasma spp., and Rickettsia spp. in animals in Xi’an, China

Guo, Wen‐Ping; Huang, Baicheng; Zhao, Qin; Xu, Gang; Liu, Baoyuan; Wang, Yihan

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006916

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In China, eleven SFG Rickettsia species, Rickettsia sibirica, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, Rickettsia aeschlimannii, Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia massiliae, Rickettsia monacensis, Rickettsia rickettsia, Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis, Rickettsia raoultii and Rickettsia slovaca, have been identified in tick vectors, Pathogens 2020, 9, 249 2 of 9 domestic animals and wildlife [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Several Rickettsia genotypes have been characterized as etiological factors of human rickettsiosis in the country, such as R. heilongjiangensis [14,15], R. sibirica subsp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Infecting Yaks (Bos grunniens) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area

Jian

Moumouni

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area (QTPA) is a plateau with the highest average altitude, located in Northwestern China. There is a risk for interspecies disease transmission, such as spotted fever rickettsioses. However, information on the molecular characteristics of the spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia spp. in the area is limited. This study performed screenings, and detected the DNA of human pathogen, SFG Rickettsia spp., with 11.3% (25/222) infection rates in yaks (Bos grunniens). BLASTn analysis revealed that the Rickettsia sequences obtained shared 94.3–100% identity with isolates of Rickettsia spp. from ticks in China. One Rickettsia sequence (MN536161) had 100% nucleotide identity to two R. raoultii isolates from Chinese Homo sapiens, and one isolate from Qinghai Dermacentor silvarum. Meanwhile, another Rickettsia sequence (MN536157) shared 99.1–99.5% identity to one isolate from Dermacentor spp. in China. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis of SFG Rickettsia spp. ompA gene revealed that these two sequences obtained from yaks in the present study grouped with the R. slovaca and R. raoultii clades with isolates identified from Dermacentor spp. and Homo sapiens. Our findings showed the first evidence of human pathogen DNA, SFG Rickettsia spp., from animals, in the QTPA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Infecting Yaks (Bos grunniens) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area

Jian

Moumouni

et al. 2020

Pathogens

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“…identi ed in H. longicornis from north-eastern China [42], and its gltA sequence (KU853023) was detected in a human subject. Besides, it was detected in H. longicornis from Japan [43], H. longicornis and rodents from South Korea [44], H. longicornis from Hebei Province [45], Liaoning Province [46] and R. microplus from Wuhan Province of Hubei [47] in China; also H. longicornis was found in Shaanxi Province [4], and H. longicornis in Yunnan Province [48] in China. In our research, 17 kDa and gltA gene sequences of Ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Rickettsia spp. [4] have not been investigated so far in Pingdingshan City, the hilly area in central China. In this study, we collected ticks from livestock and vegetation from six counties of the Pingdingshan City, identi ed the tick species, and investigated the prevalence of Anaplasma spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ticks and tick-borne Anaplasma spp. and Rickettsia spp. from hilly area in central China

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Ding³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Ticks are widely distributed in diverse habitats across the globe. Different tick habitats breed different tick varieties and tick-borne diseases. Pingdingshan City, located in central China, is a hilly area where livestock grazing is an everyday activity. Till now, the prevalence of tick-borne Rickettsiales around Pingdingshan City has not yet been explored. Methods We used PCR and nest-PCR detected the 16S rRNA gene of ticks, 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma spp. and 17 KDa gene and gltA gene of Rickettsia spp. in the ticks collected from livestock and vegetation in hilly area of central China, Pingdingshan City. Results In this study, we observed a high infection rate of a dominant tick, H. longicorni (98.22%, 166/169), with Anaplasma spp. (48.8%), Rickettsia spp. (30.72%), and co-infection (9.04%, 15/166). It suggests a high public health risk. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that the A. phagocytophilum, which is present in H. longicorni was more than 99.74% homologous to (MN044900.1) from Zhejiang and (KT276565.1) from Shandong in China, and more than 98.23% homologous to (KR611598.1, KC422267.1) from South Korea. Besides, A. central showed 100% homology to (GU064903.1) from South Korea. Ca. R. jingxinese was detected from 17 kDa gene amplification, and it showed 99.08%-99.77% homology to (MH932039.1) from Xian, China, and 100% homology to Candidatus R. jingxinensis from north-eastern China (KT899089.1). Conclusions In the hilly area of central China, a high prevalence of H. longicorni, and high infection rate of Anaplasma spp. and Rickettsia spp., even co-infection, necessitated the current study. Furthermore, an in-depth investigation is required to unravel its pathogenicity. Besides, other tick-borne disease-causing pathogens in H. longicorni, which pose a significant threat to humans and livestock, demand further assessment.

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“…The genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) comprises tick-transmitted obligate intracellular bacterial species including Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma ovis, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which are responsible for a wide variety of different infections in both human and veterinary health (Guo et al, 2018;Kundave et al, 2018;Guimarães et al, 2019). A. capra is a potential novel tick-borne Anaplasma species, which was identified in goats in China (Liu et al, 2012) and provisionally nominated it "Anaplasma capra" as the causative agent of human infections as reported by Li et al (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiplex PCR Detection Assay for the Identification of Clinically Relevant Anaplasma Species in Field Blood Samples

et al. 2020

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The genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), which includes the species Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma ovis, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, is responsible for a wide variety of infections in both human and veterinary health worldwide. Multiple infections with these four Anaplasma pathogens have been reported in many cases. We introduce a novel multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of A. capra, A. bovis, A. ovis, and A. phagocytophilum, based on species-specific primers against the groEL (A. capra and A. bovis), msp4 (A. ovis), and 16S rRNA (A. phagocytophilum) genes. To verify the specificity of the PCR reactions, we evaluated four sets of primers to analyze samples containing different blood pathogens. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR was evaluated by amplifying 10-fold dilutions of total genomic DNA extracted from sheep blood infected with A. capra, A. bovis, A. ovis, or A. phagocytophilum. The reproducibility of the assay was evaluated by testing 10-fold dilutions of total genomic DNA extracted from sheep blood infected with these pathogens from 10 0 to 10 −3 ng/µL per reaction in triplicate on three different days. A total of 175 field blood DNA samples were used to evaluate the reproducibility of multiplex PCR compared with the simplex PCRs. PCR primers used in this study were confirmed to be 100% species-specific using blood pathogens previously identified by other methods. The lower limit of detection of the multiplex PCR with good repeatability enabled the detection of A. capra, A. bovis, A. ovis and A. phagocytophilum at concentrations of 3 × 10 −5 , 5 × 10 −7 , 2 × 10 −5 , and 7 × 10 −7 ng/µL, respectively. There was no significant difference between conventional and multiplex PCR protocols used to detect the four Anaplasma species (P > 0.05). The results of the multiplex PCR revealed that the A. capra groEL gene, the A. bovis groEL gene, the A. ovis msp4 gene, and the A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene were reliable target genes for species identification in clinical isolates, being specific for each of the four target Anaplasma species. Our study provides an effective, sensitive, specific, and accurate tool for the rapid differential clinical diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of Anaplasma pathogens in sheep and goats.

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Human-pathogenic Anaplasma spp., and Rickettsia spp. in animals in Xi’an, China

Cited by 48 publications

References 42 publications

Human Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Infecting Yaks (Bos grunniens) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area

Human Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Infecting Yaks (Bos grunniens) in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Area

Ticks and tick-borne Anaplasma spp. and Rickettsia spp. from hilly area in central China

A Multiplex PCR Detection Assay for the Identification of Clinically Relevant Anaplasma Species in Field Blood Samples

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