“…This relationship between time estimation and attention has been used to assess mental workload (Eggemeier & Wilson, 1991). For example, time estinlation was adopted as a secondary task to assess mental workload in driving a car (Brown, Simmonds, & Tickner, 1967) and using aircraft simulators (Johannsen, Pfendler, & Stein, 1976). In the recent studies, the characteristics of attentional resource and the role of working memory required to store and process temporal information have been investigated.…”