Human pigmentation genes under environmental selection

Sturm, Richard A.; Duffy, David L.

doi:10.1186/gb-2012-13-9-248

Cited by 182 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 137 publications

(170 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

145

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The intuition in using this variable comes from the biology literature. In addition to the apparent and well-known effects of UV radiation on skin color, UV radiation can cause mutations of genes, thus affecting alleles (e.g., Sturm and Duffy, 2012;Kozmin et al, 2005). Further, differences in UV radiation affect the natural landscape with indirect but profound implications for the way humans change their lifestyles and form their societies.…”

Section: Empirical Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Board Directors from Countries with Different Genetic Diversity Levels on Corporate Performance

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We link genetic diversity in the country of origin of the firms' board members with corporate performance via board members' nationality. We hypothesize that our approach captures deep-rooted differences in cultural, institutional, social, psychological, physiological, and other traits that cannot be captured by other recently measured indices of diversity. Using a panel of firms listed in the North American and U.K. stock markets, we find that adding board directors from countries with different levels of genetic diversity (either higher or lower) increases firm performance. This effect prevails when we control for a number of cultural, institutional, firm-level, and board member characteristics, as well as for the nationality of the board of directors. To identify the relationship, we use as instrumental variables for our diversity indices the migratory distance from East Africa and the level of ultraviolet exposure in the directors' country of nationality.

show abstract

Section: Empirical Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Board Directors from Countries with Different Genetic Diversity Levels on Corporate Performance

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1B) illustrates the collaboration patterns between 10 top clusters consisting of 1903 authors representing 29.6% of the field. Some influential authors (only one per cluster is listed here due to space limitation) are listed in the following in alphabetical order together with their respective fields of research: BARSH GS (mammalian pigmentation [1,2]), FISHER DE (melanoma [3]), HEARING VJ (melanogenesis [4]), STURM RA (human pigmentation [5][6][7]), KAYSER M (prediction [8]), PAUS R (hair follicle [9]), REES JL (evolution [10]), SHRIVER MD (evolution [11,12]), SOUFIR N (melanoma [13]), SPRITZ RA (vitiligo [14]). These figures demonstrate the variety of research areas involved in human pigmentation genetics some of which we discuss below.…”

Section: Setting the Scene: Human Pigmentation Genetics -The Field Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorful DNA polymorphisms in humans

Liu

Wen

Kayser

2013

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tIn this review article we summarize current knowledge on how variation on the DNA level influences human pigmentation including color variation of iris, hair, and skin. We review recent progress in the field of human pigmentation genetics by focusing on the genes and DNA polymorphisms discovered to be involved in determining human pigmentation traits, their association with diseases particularly skin cancers, and their power to predict human eye, hair, and skin colors with potential utilization in forensic investigations.

show abstract

“…Another trait that changed significantly during human evolution is pigmentation. Several regulators of pigmentation, including the ligand for the c-KIT receptor (KITLG) (Sturm and Duffy, 2012), contain human-specific protein-coding changes that may have evolved through positive selection. Such examples are compelling, but additional work is required to show that these genes are indeed responsible for modification of the associated traits in humans.…”

Section: Single Nucleotide Substitutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic approaches to studying human-specific developmental traits

Franchini

Pollard

2015

Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in developmental regulatory programs drive both disease and phenotypic differences among species. Linking human-specific traits to alterations in development is challenging, because we have lacked the tools to assay and manipulate regulatory networks in human and primate embryonic cells. This field was transformed by the sequencing of hundreds of genomes -human and non-humanthat can be compared to discover the regulatory machinery of genes involved in human development. This approach has identified thousands of human-specific genome alterations in developmental genes and their regulatory regions. With recent advances in stem cell techniques, genome engineering, and genomics, we can now test these sequences for effects on developmental gene regulation and downstream phenotypes in human cells and tissues.

show abstract

Human pigmentation genes under environmental selection

Cited by 182 publications

References 137 publications

The Effect of Board Directors from Countries with Different Genetic Diversity Levels on Corporate Performance

The Effect of Board Directors from Countries with Different Genetic Diversity Levels on Corporate Performance

Colorful DNA polymorphisms in humans

Genomic approaches to studying human-specific developmental traits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About