Human Polyomaviruses in Children Undergoing Transplantation, USA, 2008–2010

Siebrasse, Erica A.; Bauer, Irma; Holtz, Lori R.; Le, Binh-Minh N; Lassa-Claxton, Sherry; Canter, Charles E.; Hmiel, Paul; Shenoy, Shalini; Sweet, Stuart C.; Turmelle, Yumirle P.; Shepherd, Ross W.; Wang, David

doi:10.3201/eid1810.120359

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Transfection of A549 cells with KIPyV DNA did not result in the production of infectious virus particles (our unpublished results). HPyV6 and HPyV7 DNA have been found in one nasopharyngeal aspirate sample of, respectively, a heart-transplant patient and a liver transplant patient (Siebrasse et al, 2012b). Relatively low HPyV6 and HPyV7 promoter activity was monitored in cell lines derived from the respiratory tract, suggesting that the respiratory tract may not be a genuine host tissue for these viruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…MCPyV seems to be a common skin commensal (Bellaud et al, 2014;Hampras et al, 2015;Mertz et al, 2013;Schowalter et al, 2010), but DNA is also found in blood, eyebrow hairs, tonsils, gall bladder, intestine, appendix, liver, lung, lymphoid tissue, saliva and oral samples, and urine (reviewed by Baez et al, 2013;Hampras et al, 2015;Signorini et al, 2014). HPyV6 and HPyV7 are common in skin and eyebrow hairs (Bellaud et al, 2014;Hampras et al, 2015;Schowalter et al, 2010;Wieland et al, 2014), but have in very few cases been isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs, faeces or urine (Siebrasse et al, 2012b). TSPyV resides in the skin (van der Meijden et al, 2010), but viral nucleotide sequences have also been detected in tonsillar biopsies of healthy individuals, in heart, lung, liver, spleen, bronchus, small intestine, colon tissue from a patient with myocarditis, and in renal allograft of a kidney transplant patient (Fischer et al, 2012;Sadeghi et al, 2014;Tsuzuki et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early and late promoters of BK polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus and human polyomavirus 12 are among the strongest of all known human polyomaviruses in 10 different cell lines

Moens

Ghelue

Ludvigsen

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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Early and late promoters of BK polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus and human polyomavirus 12 are among the strongest of all known human polyomaviruses in 10 different cell lines Little is known about cell tropism of the novel HPyVs, and cell cultures allowing virus propagation are lacking. Because viral tropism partially depends on the interaction of cellular transcription factors with the viral promoter, we monitored the promoter activity of all known HPyVs. Therefore, we compared the relative early and late promoter activity of the BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) (WW strain) with the corresponding activities of the other HPyVs in 10 different cell lines derived from brain, colon, kidney, liver, lung, the oral cavity and skin. Our results show that the BKPyV, MCPyV, TSPyV and HPyV12 early promoters displayed the strongest activity in most cell lines tested, while the remaining HPyV had relative low early promoter activity. HPyV12 showed the highest late promoter activity of all HPyVs in most cell lines, but also the BKPyV, MCPyV and TSPyV late promoters belonged to the stronger ones among HPyVs. The HPyVs with weak early promoter activity had in general also weak late promoter activity, except for HPyV10 whose late promoter was relatively strong in six of the 10 cell lines. A 20 bp deletion in the promoter of an HPyV12 variant significantly affected both early and late promoter activity in most cell lines. In conclusion, our findings suggest which cell lines may be suitable for virus propagation and may give an indication of the cell tropism of the HPyVs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early and late promoters of BK polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus and human polyomavirus 12 are among the strongest of all known human polyomaviruses in 10 different cell lines

Moens

Ghelue

Ludvigsen

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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“…The presence of all known human polyomaviruses (with the exception of HPyV10, MWPyV, MXPyV, STLPyV and HPyV12 that were discovered later) was investigated with qPCR in 716 clinical specimens of 32 children receiving a transplant (2 lung, 11 liver, 5 heart, 2 kidney, 1 liver/lung and 11 bone marrow transplants). HPyV6 was detected in the faeces of a lung and a bone marrow transplant recipient and in a nasopharyngeal swab of a heart transplant patient; HPyV7 was found in a nasopharyngeal swab of a liver transplant patient and HPyV7 and HPyV9 in a urine sample of 2 liver transplant patients respectively (14). MWPyV and STLPyV were detected with PCR in 2.2% and 1.1%, respectively, of stool samples collected from children with diarrhoea in Saint Louis, USA (3).…”

Section: Detection In Clinical Samples With Nucleic Acid-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The novel human polyomaviruses HPyV6, 7, 9 and beyond

Ehlers

Wieland

2013

APMIS

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Ehlers B, Wieland U. The novel human polyomaviruses HPyV 6, 7, 9 and beyond. APMIS 2013; 121: 783-95. Since the discovery of Merkel cell polyomavirus and its causative association with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), six human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been identified that, so far, lack any disease association, which include the human polyomaviruses (HPyV) 6, 7, 9, 10 and 12 as well as the Saint Louis polyomavirus (STLPyV). PCR studies revealed that HPyV6 and HPyV7 are shed from the skin of healthy subjects and of patients suffering from various skin tumours. HPyV6, 7 and 9 were sporadically detected in body fluids and excretions of immunocompromised patients and healthy subjects. HPyV10 was identified in papillomavirusinduced anal condylomas, and variants of HPyV10, named MWPyV and MX polyomavirus (human) (MXPyV), as well as STLPyV were detected in faeces of diarrheal and healthy children. HPyV12 was discovered in organs of the digestive tract of patients suffering from various malignant diseases. Serological studies using capsomer-based or virus-like particle (VLP)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that HPyV6, 7, 9 and 12 are circulating in the human population. As all other HPyVs, the novel polyomaviruses encode small and large T antigens and thus are potentially oncogenic. However, several studies have revealed a lack of association of HPyV6, 7 and 9 with numerous human tumours. In the future, it will be important to unravel the cell types and body compartments of the novel HPyVs′ reservoir and to search for possible associations with cancer and non-malignant diseases.

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“…How forehead swabs and plucked eyebrow hairs compare with respect to the number of obtained cells, viral DNA detection and load measurement requires further study. Interestingly, in a recent study, TSPyV DNA was detected in stool and nasopharyngeal swabs of a 13-year-old immunocompromised heart transplant patient 1 month after immunosuppression showing no TS symptoms, but repeated analysis in the following months remained negative (92). Occasionally also urine and kidney samples were found positive for TSPyV DNA (87).…”

Section: Clinical Samplementioning

confidence: 95%

The trichodysplasia spinulosa‐associated polyomavirus: virological background and clinical implications

Kazem

Meijden

Feltkamp

2013

APMIS

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Kazem S, van der Meijden E, Feltkamp MCW. The trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus: virological background and clinical implications. APMIS 2013; 121: 770-82.Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) is a new species of the family Polyomaviridae that was discovered in 2010. TSPyV infects humans and is associated with the development of a rare disease called trichodysplasia spinulosa. Trichodysplasia spinulosa is a skin disease of severely immunocompromised hosts characterized by follicular distention and keratotic spine formation especially on the face. Electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and viral load measurements indicate an etiological role of active TSPyV infection in the development of this disease. This review will address virological and pathogenic properties of TSPyV, as well as epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of TSPyV infection.

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Human Polyomaviruses in Children Undergoing Transplantation, USA, 2008–2010

Cited by 43 publications

References 12 publications

Early and late promoters of BK polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus and human polyomavirus 12 are among the strongest of all known human polyomaviruses in 10 different cell lines

Early and late promoters of BK polyomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus and human polyomavirus 12 are among the strongest of all known human polyomaviruses in 10 different cell lines

The novel human polyomaviruses HPyV6, 7, 9 and beyond

The trichodysplasia spinulosa‐associated polyomavirus: virological background and clinical implications

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