Human responses to Florida red tides: Policy awareness and adherence to local fertilizer ordinances

Kirkpatrick, Barbara; Kohler, Kate; Byrne, Margaret M.; Fleming, Lora E.; Scheller, Karen; Reich, Andrew; Hitchcock, Gary L.; Kirkpatrick, Gary J.; Ullmann, Steven G.; Hoagland, Porter

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.083

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…While efforts are ongoing to curb RT blooms via prevention and control methods (Alcock, 2007;Kirkpatrick et al, 2014;Nierenberg et al, 2010a;Vargo et al, 2008), the predominant management strategy to date has been mitigation, via early detection and avoidance of human contact (Alcock, 2007;Corcoran et al, 2013).…”

Section: Beach Conditions Reporting Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beach-level 24-hour forecasts of Florida red tide-induced respiratory irritation

Ross

Fish²,

Moeltner

et al. 2022

Harmful Algae

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Section: Beach Conditions Reporting Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beach-level 24-hour forecasts of Florida red tide-induced respiratory irritation

Ross

Fish²,

Moeltner

et al. 2022

Harmful Algae

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“…Governmental authorities, such as the US Environmental Protection Agency, have argued that Kb blooms are one consequence of anthropogenic nutrient releases, but such arguments have been undermined by incidences of asynchronous and spatially displaced blooms, leading to confusion among the public about the rationales for policies such as controls on the applications of fertilizers to lawns. Such policies also may work at cross-purposes with societal norms about boosting property values, including those that encourage lawn upkeep (Kirkpatrick et al, 2014).…”

Section: Assessment and Communication Of The Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lessening the Hazards of Florida Red Tides: A Common Sense Approach

et al. 2020

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In the Gulf of Mexico, especially along the southwest Florida coast, blooms of the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis are a coastal natural hazard. The organism produces a potent class of toxins, known as brevetoxins, which are released following cell lysis into ocean or estuarine waters or, upon aerosolization, into the atmosphere. When exposed to sufficient levels of brevetoxins, humans may suffer from respiratory, gastrointestinal, or neurological illnesses. The hazard has been exacerbated by the geometric growth of human populations, including both residents and tourists, along Florida's southwest coast. Impacts to marine organisms or ecosystems also may occur, such as fish kills or deaths of protected mammals, turtles, or birds. Since the occurrence of a severe Karenia brevis bloom off the southwest Florida coast three-quarters of a century ago, there has been an ongoing debate about the best way for humans to mitigate the impacts of this hazard. Because of the importance of tourism to coastal Florida, there are incentives for businesses and governments alike to obfuscate descriptions of these blooms, leading to the social amplification of risk. We argue that policies to improve the public's ability to understand the physical attributes of blooms, specifically risk communication policies, are to be preferred over physical, chemical, or biological controls. In particular, we argue that responses to this type of hazard must emphasize maintaining the continuity of programs of scientific research, environmental monitoring, public education, and notification. We propose a common-sense approach to risk communication, comprising a simplification of the public provision of existing sources of information to be made available on a mobile website.

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“…Public environmental awareness (PEA) is a fundamental approach for the attainment of sustainable environment ( Xu et al, 2013 ; Kirkpatrick et al, 2014 ). PEA about the incidence and harmful effects of toxic cyanoblooms may be a dynamic approach to eradicate and avoid the blooms and their toxic effects.…”

Section: Public Awareness Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bloom Dynamics of Cyanobacteria and Their Toxins: Environmental Health Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

2015

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Cyanobacteria are ecologically one of the most prolific groups of phototrophic prokaryotes in both marine and freshwater habitats. Both the beneficial and detrimental aspects of cyanobacteria are of considerable significance. They are important primary producers as well as an immense source of several secondary products, including an array of toxic compounds known as cyanotoxins. Abundant growth of cyanobacteria in freshwater, estuarine, and coastal ecosystems due to increased anthropogenic eutrophication and global climate change has created serious concern toward harmful bloom formation and surface water contamination all over the world. Cyanobacterial blooms and the accumulation of several cyanotoxins in water bodies pose severe ecological consequences with high risk to aquatic organisms and global public health. The proper management for mitigating the worldwide incidence of toxic cyanobacterial blooms is crucial for maintenance and sustainable development of functional ecosystems. Here, we emphasize the emerging information on the cyanobacterial bloom dynamics, toxicology of major groups of cyanotoxins, as well as a perspective and integrative approach to their management.

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Human responses to Florida red tides: Policy awareness and adherence to local fertilizer ordinances

Cited by 20 publications

References 33 publications

Beach-level 24-hour forecasts of Florida red tide-induced respiratory irritation

Beach-level 24-hour forecasts of Florida red tide-induced respiratory irritation

Lessening the Hazards of Florida Red Tides: A Common Sense Approach

Bloom Dynamics of Cyanobacteria and Their Toxins: Environmental Health Impacts and Mitigation Strategies

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