Human Rights and Gender

Abstract

The specification of women's rights became more evident during the United Nations Decade for Women (1976–1985), which included the organization of international conferences in Mexico City in 1975, Copenhagen in 1980, and Nairobi in 1985. During these years, important documents were developed for addressing women's rights, including the 1976 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights that recognized the equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights set forth in the present Covenant (Article 3) and the 1979 Convention to End Discrimination Against Women that was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly. One result of this decade‐long movement to insert the needs of women into human rights discourse was the recognition that all issues are women's issues; a more material result was the formalization of the UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), which is now part of UN Women.

Prevalence, predictors, and economic burden of mental health disorders among asylum seekers, refugees and migrants from African countries: A scoping review

“…It is more likely that women will experience sexual violence during times of conflict [77,78], which may increase their risk of PTSD, as well as childrearing pressures, safety concerns, and exploitation. Despite this, studies from countries that have been reported to commit systematic sexual violence do not adequately describe the type of trauma associated with PTSD diagnosis [79]. Furthermore, there are major gaps in the literature when it comes to disaggregating data by gender for other mental health conditions, whereas gender disaggregated data for PTSD is readily available.…”

Knowledge, Perceptions, Taboos, and Practices of Menstrual Hygiene among Adolescent Girls in Urban and Rural Areas of Central India

“…Consequently, the change frequently necessitates social and psychological adjustment. 1 Menstruation is a phenomenon that only affects females, but it is typically surrounded by taboos, myths, and sociocultural constraints in society, especially in rural regions, which keep women from participating in many elements of cultural and social life. 2 The acceptance of such taboos and myths in a country or even a region can indicate its development and an index for female empowerment.…”

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“…It is more likely that women will experience sexual violence during times of conflict [77,78], which may increase their risk of PTSD, as well as childrearing pressures, safety concerns, and exploitation. Despite this, studies from countries that have been reported to commit systematic sexual violence do not adequately describe the type of trauma associated with PTSD diagnosis [79]. Furthermore, there are major gaps in the literature when it comes to disaggregating data by gender for other mental health conditions, whereas gender disaggregated data for PTSD is readily available.…”