Human scanpath estimation based on semantic segmentation guided by common eye fixation behaviors

Han, Yiyuan; Han, Bing; Gao, Xinbo

doi:10.1016/j.neucom.2020.07.121

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To study the similarity between scanpaths (i.e., sequences of horizontal fixation positions) during reading across different viewing conditions, we utilized the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm ( Berndt & Clifford, 1994 ). DTW measures the alignments (similarity) between two time series that might vary in length or speed, and it has been commonly used for measuring time series similarities ( Han, Han, & Gao, 2021 ; Kumar, Timmermans, Burch, & Mueller, 2019 ; Le Meur & Liu, 2015 ). A smaller DTW distance between a pair of time series suggests more similarity between them, whereas a greater distance indicates more dissimilarity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered eye movements during reading under degraded viewing conditions: Background luminance, text blur, and text contrast

Shamsi

Kwon

2022

Journal of Vision

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Degraded viewing conditions caused by either natural environments or visual disorders lead to slow reading. Here, we systematically investigated how eye movement patterns during reading are affected by degraded viewing conditions in terms of spatial resolution, contrast, and background luminance. Using a high-speed eye tracker, binocular eye movements were obtained from 14 young normally sighted adults. Images of text passages were manipulated with varying degrees of background luminance (1.3–265 cd/m 2 ), text blur (severe blur to no blur), or text contrast (2.6%–100%). We analyzed changes in key eye movement features, such as saccades, microsaccades, regressive saccades, fixations, and return-sweeps across different viewing conditions. No significant changes were observed for the range of tested background luminance values. However, with increasing text blur and decreasing text contrast, we observed a significant decrease in saccade amplitude and velocity, as well as a significant increase in fixation duration, number of fixations, proportion of regressive saccades, microsaccade rate, and duration of return-sweeps. Among all, saccade amplitude, fixation duration, and proportion of regressive saccades turned out to be the most significant contributors to reading speed, together accounting for 90% of variance in reading speed. Our results together showed that, when presented with degraded viewing conditions, the patterns of eye movements during reading were altered accordingly. These findings may suggest that the seemingly deviated eye movements observed in individuals with visual impairments may be in part resulting from active and optimal information acquisition strategies operated when visual sensory input becomes substantially deprived.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered eye movements during reading under degraded viewing conditions: Background luminance, text blur, and text contrast

Shamsi

Kwon

2022

Journal of Vision

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“…Most studies reported in this Review use this first approach to improve current eye-tracking technologies. For instance, in recent years, the prediction of eye movement scanpath can be divided into two categories: prediction models that hand-design features and powerful mathematical knowledge, and methods that intuitively obtain the sequence of eye fixes from the bottom-up salinity map and other useful indications (Han et al, 2021). With the advances of machine and deep learning, the study of computational eye-movement models has been mainly based on neural network learning models (e.g., .…”

Section: Aiet To Improve the Process Of Visual Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Tracking for STEM Education Research: New Perspectives

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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Section: Aiet To Improve the Process Of Visual Trackingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye tracking and artificial intelligence for competency assessment in engineering education: a review

Ndiaye,

Lim,

Blessing

2023

Front. Educ.

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In recent years, eye-tracking (ET) methods have gained an increasing interest in STEM education research. When applied to engineering education, ET is particularly relevant for understanding some aspects of student behavior, especially student competency, and its assessment. However, from the instructor’s perspective, little is known about how ET can be used to provide new insights into, and ease the process of, instructor assessment. Traditionally, engineering education is assessed through time-consuming and labor-extensive screening of their materials and learning outcomes. With regard to this, and coupled with, for instance, the subjective open-ended dimensions of engineering design, assessing competency has shown some limitations. To address such issues, alternative technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), which has the potential to massively predict and repeat instructors’ tasks with higher accuracy, have been suggested. To date, little is known about the effects of combining AI and ET (AIET) techniques to gain new insights into the instructor’s perspective. We conducted a Review of engineering education over the last decade (2013–2022) to study the latest research focusing on this combination to improve engineering assessment. The Review was conducted in four databases (Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar) and included specific terms associated with the topic of AIET in engineering education. The research identified two types of AIET applications that mostly focus on student learning: (1) eye-tracking devices that rely on AI to enhance the gaze-tracking process (improvement of technology), and (2) the use of AI to analyze, predict, and assess eye-tracking analytics (application of technology). We ended the Review by discussing future perspectives and potential contributions to the assessment of engineering learning.

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Human scanpath estimation based on semantic segmentation guided by common eye fixation behaviors

Cited by 7 publications

References 29 publications

Altered eye movements during reading under degraded viewing conditions: Background luminance, text blur, and text contrast

Altered eye movements during reading under degraded viewing conditions: Background luminance, text blur, and text contrast

Eye Tracking for STEM Education Research: New Perspectives

Eye tracking and artificial intelligence for competency assessment in engineering education: a review

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