Human seminal plasma Zn-α2-glycoprotein: Its purification and properties as compared with human plasma Zn-β2-glycoprotein

Ohkubo, Iwao; Niwa, Masanari; Takashima, Akira; Nishikimi, N.; Gasa, Shinsei; Sasaki, Makoto

doi:10.1016/0304-4165(90)90069-9

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The fourth site Asn 92 , however, is totally devoid of glycan chain. An earlier report on biochemical characterization of seminal ZAG describes the absence of glycan chain (17), but presently, we observed glycan chain at Asn 239 . 4 The presence of glycan chain on a3 domains proposed its functional implication in cell signaling and binding capability with different cell surface receptors due to the presence of RGD sequence (Arg 231 -Gly 232 -Asp 233 ) at h 4 strand (102).…”

Section: Structure Of Zagcontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…The presence of ZAG in human seminal fluid was reported in 6-fold molar excess compared with human serum (16,17), which suggested as a key element for fertilization without any experimental evidences. The serum ZAG is synthesized by the genes of liver.…”

Section: Site Of Expressionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The serum ZAG is synthesized by the genes of liver. The seminal ZAG, however, is of prostatic origin (9,16,17). The presence of ZAG in normal human body fluids and kidney extract has been described (18).…”

Section: Site Of Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no evidence for the direct role of ZAG in fertility, although a high concentration of ZAG in human semen (6-fold to serum) suggested its role in fertility (17,61). The sperm motility is a key factor to determine semen quality and its fertilizing capacity (104)(105)(106), which is widely controlled by a variety of factors (107)(108)(109).…”

Section: Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc α2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein

Hassan

Waheed

Yadav

et al. 2008

Molecular Cancer Research

216

204

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Zinc A2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is a protein of interest because of its ability to play many important functions in the human body, including fertilization and lipid mobilization. After the discovery of this molecule, during the last 5 decades, various studies have been documented on its structure and functions, but still, it is considered as a protein with an unknown function. Its expression is regulated by glucocorticoids. Due to its high sequence homology with lipid-mobilizing factor and high expression in cancer cachexia, it is considered as a novel adipokine. On the other hand, structural organization and fold is similar to MHC class I antigen-presenting molecule; hence, ZAG may have a role in the expression of the immune response. The function of ZAG under physiologic and cancerous conditions remains mysterious but is considered as a tumor biomarker for various carcinomas. There are several unrelated functions that are attributed to ZAG, such as RNase activity, regulation of melanin production, hindering tumor proliferation, and transport of nephritic by-products. This article deals with the discussion of the major aspects of ZAG from its gene structure to function and metabolism. (Mol Cancer Res 2008;6(6):892 -906)

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Section: Structure Of Zagcontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Site Of Expressionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Site Of Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc α2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein

Hassan

Waheed

Yadav

et al. 2008

Molecular Cancer Research

216

204

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“…Using immunohistochemical studies, it has been found that ZAG is expressed mainly in epithelial cells of the breast, the prostate, the liver and various other gastrointestinal organs (Tada et al, 1991). In line with its production by secretory epithelial cells, ZAG is found in a number of body fluids (Frenette et al, 1987;Ohkubo et al, 1990). Recently, it has been shown that ZAG might be involved in carcinogenesis and tumor differentiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AZGP1 is a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer inducing mesenchymal-to-epithelial transdifferentiation by inhibiting TGF-β-mediated ERK signaling

et al. 2010

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Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) mediated by transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) signaling leads to aggressive cancer progression. In this study, we identified zinc-a2-glycoprotein (AZGP1, ZAG) as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma whose expression is lost due to histone deacetylation. In vitro, ZAG silencing strikingly increased invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells accompanied by the induction of a mesenchymal phenotype. Expression analysis of a set of EMT markers showed an increase in the expression of mesenchymal markers (vimentin (VIM) and integrin-a5) and a concomitant reduction in the expression of epithelial markers (cadherin 1 (CDH1), desmoplakin and keratin-19). Blockade of endogenous TGF-b signaling inhibited these morphological changes and the downregulation of CDH1, as elicited by ZAG silencing. In a ZAG-negative cell line, human recombinant ZAG (rZAG) specifically inhibited exogenous TGF-b-mediated tumor cell invasion and VIM expression. Furthermore, rZAG blocked TGF-b-mediated ERK2 phosphorylation. PCR array analysis revealed that ZAG-induced epithelial transdifferentiation was accompanied by a series of concerted cellular events including a shift in the energy metabolism and prosurvival signals. Thus, epigenetically regulated ZAG is a novel tumor suppressor essential for maintaining an epithelial phenotype.

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Detection and cloning of epidermal zinc‐α ₂ ‐glycoprotein cDNA and expression in normal human skin and in tumors

Liu

Arany

Selvanayagam

et al. 1997

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein (Zn alpha 2gp) is almost ubiquitous in body fluids, and its antibody labels the corresponding secretory epithelia. We have found that Zn alpha 2gp is also expressed in human epidermis. We cloned the Zn alpha 2gp cDNA by screening our cDNA library, derived from epidermal keratinocytes, with a probe for prostate Zn alpha 2gp. It had complete nucleic acid sequence homology with that from prostate, including the signal peptide. Just as Zn alpha 2gp expression is higher in more differentiated breast tumors, so in skin tumors the highest mRNA levels occurred in the normal controls, the lowest in basal cell carcinomas (the least differentiated epidermal tumor type), and intermediate levels in squamous cell carcinomas and Merkel cell carcinomas. A similar increase in Zn alpha 2gp gene expression with differentiation was observed when epidermal keratinocytes were cultured in media that varied in cellular maturation potential.

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Human seminal plasma Zn-α2-glycoprotein: Its purification and properties as compared with human plasma Zn-β2-glycoprotein

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

Zinc α2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein

Zinc α2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein

AZGP1 is a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer inducing mesenchymal-to-epithelial transdifferentiation by inhibiting TGF-β-mediated ERK signaling

Detection and cloning of epidermal zinc‐α ₂ ‐glycoprotein cDNA and expression in normal human skin and in tumors

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Human seminal plasma Zn-α2-glycoprotein: Its purification and properties as compared with human plasma Zn-β2-glycoprotein

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

Zinc α2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein

Zinc α2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein

AZGP1 is a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer inducing mesenchymal-to-epithelial transdifferentiation by inhibiting TGF-β-mediated ERK signaling

Detection and cloning of epidermal zinc‐α 2 ‐glycoprotein cDNA and expression in normal human skin and in tumors

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Detection and cloning of epidermal zinc‐α ₂ ‐glycoprotein cDNA and expression in normal human skin and in tumors