Human Skeletal Muscle Aging and the Oxidative System: Cellular Events

Rossi, Paola; Mora, Barbara; Giardina, Silvana; Negro, Massimo; Marzatico, Fulvio

doi:10.2174/1874609810801030182

Cited by 45 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Oxidative stress and hypoxia are known to occur in a variety of tissues during aging (4,12,13,47,56,58,65,67), although current studies have not defined whether these events occur in subcutaneous and visceral fat depots during aging. Both oxidative stress and hypoxia are known to occur in adipose tissue in response to diet-induced obesity as well as in genetic models of obesity (53,62,63,70,72).…”

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confidence: 97%

Aging is associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress in adipose tissue: implications for adipose function

Zhang

Ebenezer

Dasuri

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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As a part of aging there are known to be numerous alterations which occur in multiple tissues of the body, and the focus of this study was to determine the extent to which oxidative stress and hypoxia occur during adipose tissue aging. In our studies we demonstrate for the first time that aging is associated with both hypoxia (38% reduction in oxygen levels, Po2 21.7 mmHg) and increases reactive oxygen species in visceral fat depots of aging male C57Bl/6 mice. Interestingly, aging visceral fat depots were observed to have significantly less change in the expression of genes involved in redox regulation compared with aging subcutaneous fat tissue. Exposure of 3T3-L1 adipocytes to the levels of hypoxia observed in aging adipose tissue was sufficient to alter multiple aspects of adipose biology inducing increased levels of in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and decreased lipid content. Taken together, these data demonstrate that hypoxia and increased levels of reactive oxygen species occur in aging adipose tissue, highlighting the potential for these two stressors as potential modulators of adipose dysfunction during aging.

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mentioning

confidence: 97%

Aging is associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress in adipose tissue: implications for adipose function

Zhang

Ebenezer

Dasuri

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…After the age of 50, humans lose muscle mass at a rate of 1-2% per year [Hughes et al, 2002] which impacts on muscle strength, size, activation [Morse et al, 2005], and metabolic performance [Renault et al, 2002;Rossi et al, 2008]. Indeed more than 50% of the population over 80 years suffer from sarcopenia, which is becoming recognized as a serious geriatric clinical disorder [Cruz-Jentoft et al, 2010].…”

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confidence: 99%

Reduction of myoblast differentiation following multiple population doublings in mouse C2C12 cells: A model to investigate ageing?

et al. 2011

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Ageing skeletal muscle displays declines in size, strength, and functional capacity. Given the acknowledged role that the systemic environment plays in reduced regeneration (Conboy et al. [2005] Nature 433: 760-764), the role of resident satellite cells (termed myoblasts upon activation) is relatively dismissed, where, multiple cellular divisions in-vivo throughout the lifespan could also impact on muscular deterioration. Using a model of multiple population doublings (MPD) in-vitro thus provided a system in which to investigate the direct impact of extensive cell duplications on muscle cell behavior. C(2) C(12) mouse skeletal myoblasts (CON) were used fresh or following 58 population doublings (MPD). As a result of multiple divisions, reduced morphological and biochemical (creatine kinase, CK) differentiation were observed. Furthermore, MPD cells had significantly increased cells in the S and decreased cells in the G1 phases of the cell cycle versus CON, following serum withdrawal. These results suggest continued cycling rather than G1 exit and thus reduced differentiation (myotube atrophy) occurs in MPD muscle cells. These changes were underpinned by significant reductions in transcript expression of: IGF-I and myogenic regulatory factors (myoD and myogenin) together with elevated IGFBP5. Signaling studies showed that decreased differentiation in MPD was associated with decreased phosphorylation of Akt, and with later increased phosphorylation of JNK1/2. Chemical inhibition of JNK1/2 (SP600125) in MPD cells increased IGF-I expression (non-significantly), however, did not enhance differentiation. This study provides a potential model and molecular mechanisms for deterioration in differentiation capacity in skeletal muscle cells as a consequence of multiple population doublings that would potentially contribute to the ageing process.

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“…Its imunomodulatory effects are involved in the suppression T-lymphocytes activation. 27,28 There are variations in FAs composition among species. Correlations between birds and mammals in n-6 and n-3 were discussed by some authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Composition and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Plasma after Fish Oil Supplementation in Aging

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Fish oil affects oxidative stress parameters and changes in phospholipids fatty acids profiles in plasma, erythrocytes and tissues. We examined the effects of fish oil supplementation in young and old male Wistar rats (3 and 22 months old) on plasma phospholipids fatty acids profiles and blood oxidative stress parameters. Twenty young and twenty aged Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (ten animals each): two control groups and two supplemented groups treated for 6 weeks with fish oil capsules containing 45 mg eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and 30 mg docosahexanoic acid (DHA). Fish oil supplementation changed the percentage of long chain fatty acids (FAs): the elevated percentage of eicosatrienoic acid (ETA, 20:3), eicosapentanoic (EPA, 20:5), docosapentanoic acid (DPA, 22:5), n-3 fatty acids and decreased arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4). However, there were no age-related changes in total SH groups, the percentages of palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1), oleic (18:1 (n-9)) and linoleic acid (18:2) in plasma phospholipids and MUFA and they were neither reversed nor prevented by fish oil supplementation. Results showed that fish oil supplementation increased SOD and CAT activities in erythrocytes, and PON activity in the blood plasma of both young and aged rats. Furthermore, fish oil supplementation decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA) and nitrite levels in both young and aged rats implying better antioxidant protection and a lower level of oxidative pressure after fish oil supplementation. Our results suggest that fish oil supplementation is beneficial regarding better antioxidant protection in both young and aged rats, while applied treatment differs in plasma phospholipids FAs composition.

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Human Skeletal Muscle Aging and the Oxidative System: Cellular Events

Cited by 45 publications

References 109 publications

Aging is associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress in adipose tissue: implications for adipose function

Aging is associated with hypoxia and oxidative stress in adipose tissue: implications for adipose function

Reduction of myoblast differentiation following multiple population doublings in mouse C2C12 cells: A model to investigate ageing?

Fatty Acid Composition and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Plasma after Fish Oil Supplementation in Aging

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