Human small intestine cancer cell membrane‐camouflaged quercetin‐melanin for antibacterial and antitumor activity

Abstract

E. coli has become an important factor that can lead to cancer because of its ability to cause diverse intestinal changes. Nano‐polymer materials provide ideal drug delivery systems for preparing antibacterial and anti‐cancer drugs because of their unique structure, easy modification, and high drug loading. The modified natural melanin has the potential to be an excellent nano‐carrier. By improving the water‐solubility and biocompatibility of the loaded natural drug quercetin, the antibacterial effect of quercetin can be fully played. Here, natural melanin was extracted from frozen squid to synthesize carrier polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles, and the natural drug quercetin (Q) was modified on the surface of PDA by π‐π bond and covalent bond action to produce melanin‐quercetin (PDA‐Q). We also developed human small intestinal cancer cells (HIC) membrane‐camouflaged melanin‐Quercetin (PDA‐Q) nanoparticles as an anti‐cancer platform in vivo. The potential bacteriostatic mechanism was likely driven by the penetration of PDA‐Q in E. coli cells, damaging the integrity of the membranes of E. coli and inducing cell death. The mice wound experiment and bacteremia model experiment revealed that C@PDA‐Q had a strong inhibitory effect on E. coli in vivo. In addition, the results of the in vitro tumor test also revealed that C@PDA‐Q had strong anti‐tumor activity against HIC cells of human small intestinal cancer, and the IC50 value was 12.3 ± 0.7 μg/ml, which was slightly better than that for cisplatin. As both melanin nanoparticles and HIC membrane are natural biomaterials, the synthesized C@PDA‐Q nano‐polymer material shows great potential for use in anti‐cancer nano‐drug loading.

Renewable Electroconductive Hydrogels for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing and Motion Monitoring

“…55 The surface of melanin NPs was then functionalized with quercetin through π−π bonding. 58 As illustrated in Figure 2f, the melanin particles exhibited a spherical morphology with a size of 190 nm, and the Q−Melanin NPs showed irregular edges and a slightly larger size of ∼210 nm (Figure 2g). Thus, melanin seemed to have been effectively encapsulated by quercetin.…”

“…These results were consistent with the molecular structure of melanin. 58 By contrast, the characteristic peaks associated with quercetin were identified in its FTIR spectrum as follows: antisymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations of �C−O−C at 1103 cm −1 , C�O stretching vibrations of α, βunsaturated ketone at 1514 cm −1 , and C−H stretching vibrations at 3401 cm −1 . For the Q−Melanin NPs, both sets of characteristic absorption peaks from melanin and quercetin were present.…”

“…This reduction could be attributed to interactions such as π−π bonding between quercetin and melanin or the formation of chemical bonds during modification. 58 The semidissolution acidification sol−gel transition (SD-A-SGT) method was adopted for the preparation of CA hydrogel. 39 The CS powder was dispersed in SA solution to obtain a semidissolved mixture.…”

“…Modifying natural melanin through π−π bonding and covalent bonding can further enhance its antioxidant and antiinflammatory functions. 57,58 In this work, we designed genipin cross-linked CS and SA dual-network hydrogels with internally loaded lignin−Ag (Lig− Ag) and quercetin−melanin (Q−Melanin) (CALQ) for diabetic ulcer repair and motion monitoring (Figure 1). In this system, CS and SA form physical cross-links via electrostatic interaction.…”

Cancer Cell Membrane‐Based Materials for Biomedical Applications

“…These molecules can be easily coupled onto the surfaces of the polymeric biomaterials. [77] Polymeric Nanomaterials: PLGA, [78][79][80] PEG-PLGA, [81,82] PLA, [83] PDA, [84] liquid crystalline lipid nanoparticles, [85] liposome, [86,87] nanogel, [88,89] nanocrystals, [90,91] nanoemulsion, [92] nanosuspensions, [93] and poloxamer 407(F127) nanoparticles. [58] It is noteworthy that in the event that the NPs possess a negative charge, an electrostatic repulsion occurs between them and the negatively charged extracellular membrane.…”