Human sperm lipid content is modified after migration into human cervical mucus

Feki, Nozha Chakroun; Thérond, Patrice; Couturier, Martine; Liméa, G.; Legrand, Alain; Jouannet, Pierre; Auger, Jacques

doi:10.1093/molehr/gah018

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Even though the methods were initially developed for the extraction of fat from animal tissues ( 3 ), the simplicity and effi ciency of the solvent systems in extracting a broad range of lipid classes soon made them popular. Currently, these solvent systems are routinely applied for a wide range of biological fl uid samples such as blood, tears ( 4,5 ), urine ( 6, 7 ), saliva ( 8 ), cerebrospinal fl uid ( 9, 10 ), human milk ( 11 ), bronchoalveolar lavage fl uid ( 12,13 ), and sperm ( 14 ). Over the years some modifi cations to the original solvent system composition have been introduced, tested, and evaluated; although these alterations are not always fully described by the authors, which makes comparison of the lipid content and composition of fl uids in similar pathological conditions somewhat diffi cult.…”

Section: Sds-page Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of five lipid extraction solvent systems for lipidomic studies of human LDL

Reis

Rudnitskaya

Blackburn

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

214

200

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This article is available online at http://www.jlr.org functions, in addition to structural roles ( 1 ); consequently lipidomic studies have become fundamental for understanding their contribution to health and disease. Mass spectrometry (MS), with its capability of providing structural information, has been the main method of choice in lipidomic studies. Recent technological advances in mass spectrometers, including increased sensitivity, higher mass accuracy, higher scan speeds, and the ability to acquire in both positive and negative mode in one run have resulted in the increased popularity of MS as a detection technique for biomolecules in recent years. This has enabled the mapping of lipids present in fl uids and cells, leading to better understanding of the role of the different lipid classes in the pathophysiology of diseases.A critical step in lipidomic analysis is lipid extraction with an appropriate organic solvent mixture (solvent system) prior to MS detection. The solvent system should be capable of effectively extracting lipids representative of the sample under study without bias, inducing or promoting the degradation of lipids, or introducing contamination by nonlipid components such as sugars, peptides, and amino acids. Therefore, the success in the identifi cation and profi ling of lipids is critically dependent on the efficiency of the extraction step. The performance of the lipid extraction for a given sample (tissue, cell, or fl uid) with a particular solvent system depends on the partitioning of the

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Section: Sds-page Electrophoresismentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of five lipid extraction solvent systems for lipidomic studies of human LDL

Reis

Rudnitskaya

Blackburn

et al. 2013

Journal of Lipid Research

214

200

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“…After released into the acidic environment of the vagina, sperm should pass into cervical mucus that selectively filters sperm. (82) The cervical mucus is enriched in leukocytes, and these leukocytes produce reactive oxygen molecules that have a deleterious influence on damaged sperm. Of those that penetrate cervical mucus, only sperm with vigorous motility and a plasma membrane resistant to oxidative conditions will be passing into the uterine environment.…”

Section: Physiological Postcopulatory Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoiding bad genes: oxidatively damaged DNA in germ line and mate choice

2008

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August Weismann proposed that genetic changes in somatic cells cannot pass to germ cells and hence to next generations. Nevertheless, evidence is accumulating that some environmental effects can promote heritable changes in the DNA of germ cells, which implies that some somatic influence on germ line is possible. This influence is mostly detrimental and related to the presence of oxidative stress, which induces mutations and epigenetic changes. This effect should be stronger in males due to the particular characteristics of sperm. Here, we propose the hypothesis that females are able to avoid males with oxidatively damaged DNA in the germ line by using oxidative‐dependent (pre‐ and post‐mating) signals. This new hypothesis may shed light on unsolved questions in evolutionary biology, such as the benefits of polyandry, the lek paradox, or the role of sexual selection on the evolution of aging. BioEssays 30:1212–1219, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…In terms of lipids in sperm, capacitation (13), alcoholism (14), storage (15), and passage through the epididymis (16) or cervical mucus (17) have been found to alter lipid composition. Although there are many studies on lipids in sperm, there has been no comprehensive, comparative study on the lipid composition of eggs versus sperm, or their changes during fertilization.…”

Section: Lipid Signaling Related To Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid levels in sperm, eggs, and during fertilization in Xenopus laevis

Petcoff

Holland

Stith

2008

Journal of Lipid Research

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Critical developmental periods, such as fertilization, involve metabolic activation, membrane fusion events such as sperm-egg or plasma membrane-cortical granule merger, and production and hydrolysis of phospholipids. However, there has been no large-scale quantification of phospholipid changes during fertilization. Using an enzymatic assay, traditional FA analysis by TLC and gas chromatography, along with a new method of phospholipid measurement involving HPLC separation and evaporative light-scattering detection, we report lipid levels in eggs, sperm, and during fertilization in Xenopus laevis. Sperm were found to contain different amounts of phospholipids as compared with eggs. During fertilization, total phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylserine decreased, and ceramide increased, whereas there was no change in phosphatidylcholine, cardiolipin, or phosphatidylethanolamine. FA analysis of phospholipids found numerous changes during fertilization. Because there is an increase in sn-1,2-diacylglycerol at fertilization, the FAs associated with this increase and the source of the increase in this neutral lipid were examined. Finally, activation of phospholipase C, phospholipase D, phospholipase A2, autotoxin, and sphingomyelinase at fertilization is discussed. Major goals of the LIPID Metabolites and Pathways Strategy (LIPID MAPS) are to "separate and detect all of the lipids in a specific cell," "to quantitate each of the lipid metabolites present and determine the changes in their levels," and to study lipid metabolic pathways during biological events (1). Characterizing changes in the lipid composition during defined biological events is part of the concept of "functional lipidomics" (2). These fundamental, descriptive studies will facilitate our understanding of how lipids regulate membrane fluidity and fusion, lipid rafts, the cytoskeleton, kinases, and protein binding to membranes (e.g., 3-5) to induce pleiotropic cellular effects.About 15 years ago, quantification of lipid mass changes during maturation of the oocyte to the fertilizable egg, and during fertilization of the egg by sperm, was begun in Xenopus laevis (6-9). Critical developmental events can be isolated in vitro with this model system, and large numbers of gametes can be obtained to provide sufficient amounts of second messengers and lipids. During fertilization, membrane bending and fusion are associated with the acrosome reaction of sperm (wherein the large sperm acrosome undergoes exocytosis upon interaction with layers that cover the egg), with sperm-egg merger, and with subsequent fertilization events such as cortical granule exocytosis (10, 11). Furthermore, both Xenopus and human eggs are arrested in meiosis II (12).Compared with oocytes, one disadvantage of studying eggs is that they have a short life, much less than the estimated time for lipid precursor incorporation to near equilibrium levels (6, 7). Thus, lipid analysis based on label incorporation or turnover is not reliable, and ...

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Human sperm lipid content is modified after migration into human cervical mucus

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

A comparison of five lipid extraction solvent systems for lipidomic studies of human LDL

A comparison of five lipid extraction solvent systems for lipidomic studies of human LDL

Avoiding bad genes: oxidatively damaged DNA in germ line and mate choice

Lipid levels in sperm, eggs, and during fertilization in Xenopus laevis

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