Human testicular peritubular cells, mast cells and testicular inflammation

Mayerhofer, Artur; Walenta, Lena; Mayer, Christine; Eubler, Katja; Welter, Harald

doi:10.1111/and.13055

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…However, even if tryptase-positive cells are present in a higher percentage in the PF-EMS, they remain quantitatively underrepresented, and therefore their strong interaction with the sperm in the EMS conditions couldn't be enough to affect sperm function. We think that this strong physical and functional mast cell-sperm interaction could be more effective in the male genital tract where MC mediated negative effects on sperm functions has been reported but not clarified so far and require further investigation (Agarwal et al, 1987;Hashimoto et al, 1988;Nagai et al, 1992;Hussein et al, 2005;El-Karaksy et al, 2007;Haidl et al, 2011;Menzies et al, 2011;Windschüttl et al, 2014) One potential benefit to assisted reproductive clinics could derive from targeting mast cells -sperm interaction to treat male infertility due to testicular pathologies associated with inflammation and germ cell loss, as recently suggested (Mayerhofer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast Cells in Peritoneal Fluid From Women With Endometriosis and Their Possible Role in Modulating Sperm Function

et al. 2020

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Endometriosis is a local pelvic inflammatory process, frequently associated with infertility, with altered function of immune-related cells in the peritoneal environment. Mast cells are known to be key players of the immune system and have been recently involved in endometriosis and in infertility, with their mediators directly suppressing sperm motility. In this study, we evaluated the mast cell population and their mediators in the peritoneal fluid of infertile patients with endometriosis and their impact on human sperm motility. Peritoneal fluids, collected by laparoscopy from 11 infertile patients with endometriosis and 9 fertile controls were evaluated for the presence of mast cells, tryptase levels and their effect on sperm motility. Furthermore, an in vitro model of mast cells-sperm interaction in peritoneal fluid was set up, using LAD2 cell line as a mast cell model, and analyzed from a functional as well as a morphological point of view. Mast cell peritoneal fluid population and its main mediator, tryptase, is more represented in endometriosis confirming an involvement of these cells in this disease. Anyway it appears unlikely that tryptase enriched peritoneal fluid, which fails to inhibit sperm motility, could contribute to endometriosis associated infertility. Despite of this, sperm interaction with the mast cell surface (LAD2) induced a significantly mast cell-degranulation response in the peritoneal fluid from endometriosis which could directly modulate sperm function other than motility. This evidence lead us to suppose that there is, between these elements, an interrelationship which deserves further studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast Cells in Peritoneal Fluid From Women With Endometriosis and Their Possible Role in Modulating Sperm Function

et al. 2020

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“…Analyses of human testis biopsies from infertile patients found an increase in the number of MC within the walls of the seminiferous tubules; many of these cells were active and expressing tryptase ( 65 ). These MC were often localized near to spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, suggesting that MC might affect spermatogonia that express PAR2, possibly via their secreted products ( 65 ).…”

Section: Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Cell Subtypes and Their Function in the Testis

et al. 2020

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Immunoregulation in the testis is characterized by a balance between immuno-suppression (or immune privilege) and the ability to react to infections and inflammation. In this review, we analyze the phenotypes of the various immune cell subtypes present in the testis, and how their functions change between homeostatic and inflammatory conditions. Starting with testicular macrophages, we explore how this heterogeneous population is shaped by the testicular microenvironment to ensure immune privilege. We then describe how dendritic cells exhibit a tolerogenic status under normal conditions, but proliferate, mature and then stimulate effector T-cell expansion under inflammatory conditions. Finally, we outline the two T-cell populations in the testis: CD4 + /CD8 + αβ T cells and CD4 + /CD8 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells and describe the distribution and function of mast cells. All these cells help modulate innate immunity and regulate the immune response. By improving our understanding of immune cell behavior in the testis under normal and inflammatory conditions, we will be better placed to evaluate testis impairment due to immune mechanisms in affected patients.

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“…Human studies have revealed an increase of mast cells within the testis of infertility patients and a shift of mast cell localization from the interstitium to the seminiferous tubule peritubular wall [139][140][141], suggesting that inflammation mediated by mast cells, as well as promotion of testicular fibrosis [142], may be an important underlying factor in male infertility. Few studies have focused on the role of mast cells in normal gonadal function, but it has been proposed that specific mast cell-derived secreted factors, such as tryptase, chymase, and histamine, play roles in multiple aspects of testicular and ovarian function [143][144][145][146][147]. In particular, mast cells have been implicated in testicular steroidogenesis in mice and hamsters [148,149]; however, molecular mechanisms of this process remain to be elucidated.…”

Section: Mast Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%