Human-to-Human Transmission of Pseudomonas pseudomallei

McCormick, Joseph B.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-83-4-512

Cited by 119 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…The patient's husband was a U.S. veteran with travel history to Hong Kong, Japan, Mexico, and the Philippines. 21 The source of infection for the other three cases from U.S. mainland, [35][36][37] one case from Hawaii, 38 and all four cases from Mexico (Supplemental Appendix 1) remains unknown.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Although human-to-human transmission is rare, one reported patient most likely acquired the infection through sexual transmission. 21 In addition, testing of soil samples or water in Peru, 22 Brazil, [22][23][24] Haiti, 22 Venezuela, 25 Ecuador, 25 and Puerto Rico 26 has revealed the presence of B. pseudomallei in the environment in these locations. In one study, B. pseudomallei was recovered from environmental specimens (soap, floor, and shower hose) in a burn unit of a hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Melioidosis Cases in the Americas

Benoit¹,

Blaney²,

Doker³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Melioidosis is a bacterial infection caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative saprophytic bacillus. Cases occur sporadically in the Americas with an increasing number of cases observed among people with no travel history to endemic countries. To better understand the incidence of the disease in the Americas, we reviewed the literature, including unpublished cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Of 120 identified human cases, occurring between 1947 and June 2015, 95 cases (79%) were likely acquired in the Americas; the mortality rate was 39%. Burkholderia pseudomallei appears to be widespread in South, Central, and North America.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Melioidosis Cases in the Americas

Benoit¹,

Blaney²,

Doker³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The disease is acquired through inhalation, contact with cuts/wounds, and occasionally through ingestion of contaminated water. Rare cases of person-to-person transmission have been documented (McCormick et al, 1975;Kunakorn et al, 1991;Abbink et al, 2001;Holland et al, 2002).…”

Section: B Pseudomallei and Melioidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR-based Methodologies Used to Detect and Differentiate theBurkholderia pseudomalleicomplex:B. pseudomallei,B. mallei, andB. thailandensis

Lowe

March²,

Bunnell³

et al. 2014

Current Issues in Molecular Biology

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Methods for the rapid detection and differentiation of the Burkholderia pseudomallei complex comprising B. pseudomallei, B. mallei, and B. thailandensis, have been the topic of recent research due to the high degree of phenotypic and genotypic similarities of these species. B. pseudomallei and B. mallei are recognized by the CDC as tier 1 select agents. The high mortality rates of glanders and melioidosis, their potential use as bioweapons, and their low infectious dose, necessitate the need for rapid and accurate detection methods. Although B. thailandensis is generally avirulent in mammals, this species displays very similar phenotypic characteristics to that of B. pseudomallei. Optimal identification of these species remains problematic, due to the difficulty in developing a sensitive, selective, and accurate assay. The development of PCR technologies has revolutionized diagnostic testing and these detection methods have become popular due to their speed, sensitivity, and accuracy. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview and evaluation of the advancements in PCR-based detection and differentiation methodologies for the B. pseudomallei complex, and examine their potential uses in diagnostic and environmental testing.

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“…The few instances of direct transmission reported have been as a result of intimate contact between the donor and recipient [21,22].…”

Section: Transmissibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The public health implications of melioidosis

Inglis¹,

Sousa²

2009

Braz J Infect Dis

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Melioidosis, which is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a potentially fatal tropical infection, little known outside its main endemic zone of Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Though it has received more attention in recent years on account of its claimed suitability as a biological weapon agent, the principal threat from melioidosis is a result of naturally occurring events. Occasional case clusters, sporadic cases outside the known endemic zone and infections in unusual demographic groups highlight a changing epidemiology. As melioidosis is the result of an environmental encounter and not person-to-person transmission, subtle changes in its epidemiology indicate a role environmental factors, such as man-made disturbances of soil and surface water. These have implications for travel, occupational and tropical medicine and in particular for risk assessment and prevention. Practical problems with definitive laboratory diagnosis, antibiotic treatment and the current lack of a vaccine underline the need for prevention through exposure avoidance and other environmental health measures. It is likely that the increasing population burden of the tropical zone and extraction of resources from the humid tropics will increase the prevalence of melioidosis. Climate change-driven extreme weather events will both increase the prevalence of infection and gradually extend its main endemic zone.

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Human-to-Human Transmission of Pseudomonas pseudomallei

Cited by 119 publications

References 10 publications

A Review of Melioidosis Cases in the Americas

A Review of Melioidosis Cases in the Americas

PCR-based Methodologies Used to Detect and Differentiate theBurkholderia pseudomalleicomplex:B. pseudomallei,B. mallei, andB. thailandensis

The public health implications of melioidosis

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