Human umbilical cord blood relaxation times and susceptibility at 3 <scp>T</scp>

Portnoy, Sharon; Milligan, Natasha; Seed, Mike; Sled, John G.; Macgowan, Christopher K.

doi:10.1002/mrm.26978

Cited by 27 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Recognizing that these differences would likely affect MRI relaxation properties, the relationships between fetal blood relaxation times and oxygen saturation and hematocrit at 1.5T and 3T have been characterized by using umbilical cord blood samples harvested from human cesarean deliveries. This approach confirmed the reliability of this method for calculating blood hematocrit and oxygen saturation from measurements of the T 1 and T 2 relaxation times of fetal blood …”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Oximetrysupporting

confidence: 81%

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MR imaging of the fetal heart

Marini

Amerom

Saini

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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In the last decade, technological advances have enabled the acquisition of high spatial and temporal resolution cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the fetus. Fetal cardiac MRI has emerged as an alternative to ultrasound, which may be helpful to confirm a diagnosis of congenital heart disease when ultrasound assessment is hampered, for example in late gestation or in the setting of oligohydramnios. MRI also provides unique physiologic information, including vessel blood flow, oxygen saturation and hematocrit, which may be helpful to investigate cardiac and placental diseases. In this review, we summarize some of the main techniques and significant advances in the field to date. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1030–1044.

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Section: Magnetic Resonance Oximetrysupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This approach confirmed the reliability of this method for calculating blood hematocrit and oxygen saturation from measurements of the T 1 and T 2 relaxation times of fetal blood. 58,63,64…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Oximetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

MR imaging of the fetal heart

Marini

Amerom

Saini

et al. 2019

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…First the placenta also contains villous tissue with a susceptibility of approximately zero. Secondly fetal blood has a sensitivity to oxygenation which is 75% of adult blood [62,63], although the fetal blood volume in the placenta is smaller and less oxygenated than the maternal blood. Compromised placentas can also include regions of haematoma containing haemoglobin degradation products (potentially more paramagnetic than deoxyhaemoglobin) and calcification (with more negative susceptibility).…”

Section: Technical Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The haemodynamics of the human placenta in utero

Dellschaft

Hutchinson

Shah

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We have used MRI to provide important new insights into the function of the human placenta in utero. We have measured slow net flow and high net oxygenation in the placenta in vivo, which is consistent with efficient delivery of oxygen from mother to fetus. Our experimental evidence substantiates previous hypotheses on the effects of spiral artery remodelling in utero and we have observed rapid venous drainage from the placenta, which is important since the outflow has been largely neglected in the past. Beyond Braxton Hicks contractions which involve the entire uterus, we have identified a new physiological phenomenon, the 'utero-placental pump', by which the placenta and underlying uterine wall contracts independently of the rest of the uterus, expelling maternal blood from the intervillous space.

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“…The opposing magnetic properties of oxy-and deoxy-hemoglobin can be exploited for direct visualization and quantification of tissue and blood oxygenation [11]. One approach to magnetic resonance oximetry based on blood relaxometry involves the application of a T2 preparation sequence for the quantification of T2 combined with a modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence for measuring the T1 of blood [12]. The combination of any pair of vessel T1 and T2 measurements provides an accurate measurement of oxygen saturation and hematocrit in vitro, although in vivo validation of this approach to fetal oximetry has not yet been provided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a combination of metric-optimized gating, motion correction algorithms, and accelerated imaging acquisitions has shown promise in overcoming these challenges, resulting in high-resolution fetal cardiac imaging [13,14]. This kind of approach has been particularly effective for imaging the late-gestation fetus, which is larger and relatively restricted in terms of fetal motion, while the inherent trade-off between achieving adequate signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution while limiting artifact arising from more vigorous fetal motion remains a challenge in early pregnancy [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Fetal Hemodynamics Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2020

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Human fetal circulatory physiology has been investigated extensively using grey-scale ultrasound, which provides excellent visualization of cardiac anatomy and function, while velocity profiles in the heart and vessels can be interrogated using Doppler. Measures of cerebral and placental vascular resistance, as well as indirect measures of intracardiac pressure obtained from the velocity waveform in the ductus venosus are routinely used to guide the management of fetal cardiovascular and placental disease. However, the characterization of some key elements of cardiovascular physiology such as vessel blood flow and the oxygen content of blood in the arteries and veins, as well as fetal oxygen delivery and consumption are not readily measured using ultrasound. To study these parameters, we have historically relied on data obtained using invasive measurements made in animal models, which are not equivalent to the human in every respect. Over recent years, a number of technical advances have been made that have allowed us to examine the human fetal circulatory system using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). The combination of vessel blood flow mea-

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Human umbilical cord blood relaxation times and susceptibility at 3 T

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

MR imaging of the fetal heart

MR imaging of the fetal heart

The haemodynamics of the human placenta in utero

Understanding Fetal Hemodynamics Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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