Human-Wildlife Conflict around Belo-Bira Forest, Dawro Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Shanko, Getahun; Tona, Bekele; Adare, Barena

doi:10.1155/2021/9944750

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As shown by the current results and reported studies (e.g. Mekuyie, 2014; Shanko et al, 2021; Yilmato and Takele, 2019), local people and wildlife in human‐dominated landscapes are constantly in conflict. These mainly took the form of livestock depredation, crop‐raiding, and human threats, as well as the deliberate killing of wild animals in retaliation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The spotted hyena and common jackal were the most common livestock predators reported in the present study. Similarly, both predators were identified as predominant livestock predators in Belo-Bira Forest, Southwestern Ethiopia (Shanko et al, 2021), and in northern Ethiopia's highlands (Yirga et al, 2012). Mekonen (2020) also reported both hyenas and common jackal as the most predominant livestock and domestic dog predators in and around Bale Mountains National park.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Human–wildlife conflict in the surrounding districts of Alage College, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Temesgen

Mengesha²,

Endalamaw³

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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The study was conducted between September 2018 and March 2019 to investigate the nature and extent of human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in the surrounding area of Alage College, the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia, and to assess the perception of the local people to wildlife. For data collection, a total of 140 household (HH) heads were selected randomly for interviews from nine villages using structured and semistructured questionnaires. Moreover, focus group discussion, key informant interviews, and personal observation were carried out to obtain additional information.Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test (2 tailed), one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Likert scale statements were used to analyze the data.Based on, 66 (47.1%) of the respondents, HH heads, the local people of the area experienced livestock predation leading to HWC. Whereas, (40.7%, n = 57) of the respondents perceived both crop damage and livestock predation as a cause of conflict.A total of 932.43 total livestock unit of livestock and 218 dogs' losses were reported by HH due to predators over the last 5 years. Thus, the largest number of livestock (89.9%) and dogs (100%) attacks was happened due to spotted hyenas. Nearly half of the respondents (49.3%, n = 69) ranked warthogs as the primary crop raiders, while the majority of respondents (82.1%, n = 115) reported maize as a severely damaged cereal crop.More than half, (57.1%, n = 80) of respondents used different methods simultaneously to minimize damage caused by wild animals. About half, (48.6%, n = 68) of respondents had a negative attitude toward wildlife conservation. The level of education and amount of money imposed as a penalty for illegal grazing were affecting the local community's attitudes to wildlife conservation. Using effective methods to reduce damage and loss to crops, including improved livestock husbandry and creating better awareness to the local community could make the locals actor of conservation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Human–wildlife conflict in the surrounding districts of Alage College, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Temesgen

Mengesha²,

Endalamaw³

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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“…The results of this review also revealed that illegal poisoning affected Canis simensis [ 45 ], which was an endangered species according to IUCN. Different nonlethal methods that are used to reduce HWC are guarding [ 33 , 40 , 41 ] with the help of dogs through chasing livestock predators [ 38 ], physical barriers like fencing [ 39 , 46 ], loud noises [ 47 ], seasonal displacement [ 33 ], fear-provoking stimuli such as scarecrows and beating drums [ 48 , 49 ], sound mechanisms for scaring [ 44 ], and repellent chemicals like scents [ 34 ]. Lethal methods used are shooting and trapping [ 34 , 50 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 2009, the number of published papers dealing with HWC has increased. is is mainly related with an increased number of wildlife populations [38,39] and the proximity of settlements and farmland to wildlife habitats [32,[39][40][41]. Meanwhile, there was an overstocking rate of livestock, which made them vulnerable to attacks by wildlife [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-Terrestrial Wildlife Conflict in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review

Shanko

Tona

2022

The Scientific World Journal

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We conducted a review of 26 articles published between 2009 and 2021 to determine human-wildlife conflict based on spatial and temporal patterns, biological components, drivers of conflict, and mitigation methods used. We employed search, synthesis, appraisal, and analysis framework for review and VOSviewer software for network analysis. We included articles that only focused on relations between terrestrial wildlife and humans, while others deal with ecology, distribution, and biology of wildlife because it does not go with HWC. Forty-seven species of terrestrial vertebrates were reported in conflict-related studies, being Bovidae and Cercopithecidae the most frequently studied groups, of which eleven are found in threatened list species. The main drivers reported were land use change, proximity to protected areas, and illegal resource exploitation. In the management case, the use of traditional protection techniques such as fencing, guarding, and physical barriers was reported. About 178 keywords’ analysis revealed a focus on “coexistence,” “mitigation,” and “food security.” The literature focused mainly on larger mammals, led by Ethiopian authors, and excluded the social dimensions of HWC. Therefore, identifying conflict-prone species focuses on the social dimensions of coexistence, such as human attitudes towards terrestrial wildlife, and broadening the taxonomic and cultural breadth of HWC is required.

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“…The increased diversity of stakeholders has produced new management difficulties when it comes to using traditional wildlife management methods [18]. Hunting, fishing, and trapping are examples of population management strategies that are becoming increasingly undesirable in some circumstances [51]. Increased privacy, property damage, and safety concerns may worsen the problems.…”

Section: Human-wildlife Conflict Prevention Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Review on Human-Wildlife Conflict and Its Consequence in Ethiopia

Hussein¹,

Negese²

2021

IJEE

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The human-wildlife conflict is the name given to the conflict between humans and wild animals. It hurt people as well as wild creatures. Even though it is well-known and happens everywhere, the vulnerability of developing countries is greater than that of developed countries. In Ethiopia, human-wildlife conflict is a major concern, particularly among those who live near protected areas. In Ethiopia, a lot of research has been done to determine the magnitude and intensity of the animal conflict. The investigations, on the other hand, are limited to a single area and animal species. The goal of this review is to give an overview of the scale of the human-wildlife conflict in Ethiopia. The damage of habitat has increased human-wildlife conflict. The destruction of natural wildlife habitats occurs when forest areas are cleared for food and crop cultivation. Construction projects for roads and railways, dams, housing and infrastructure, energy production, and a variety of other development projects are among them. These people raise cattle, goats, and sheep by migrating from one location to another in search of grazing water and grass, which they do primarily on a seasonal basis whether it's within a country or across international borders. The human population has risen overtime at the expense of other species on the planet, such as wild animals. In Ethiopia, crop damage is also a major source of human-wildlife conflict. People's negative views and perceptions of wildlife have an impact on the intensity and scope of this conflict. This is primarily due to wild animals migrating near human settlements and living near humans as a result of disruption or loss of their natural habitat. Both wildlife and humans suffered as a result of this battle. To reduce the severity of the problem, raising awareness among the local rural community and improving wildlife management policies are critical.

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Human-Wildlife Conflict around Belo-Bira Forest, Dawro Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Human–wildlife conflict in the surrounding districts of Alage College, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Human–wildlife conflict in the surrounding districts of Alage College, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Human-Terrestrial Wildlife Conflict in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review

A Brief Review on Human-Wildlife Conflict and Its Consequence in Ethiopia

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