Human β-casomorphin-8 Immunoreactive Material in the Plasma of Women During Pregnancy and After Delivery

Koch, G.; Drebes, Erika; Wiedemann, Klaus; Zimmermann, W.; Link, G.; Teschemacher, H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0837-7_50

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…8-Casomorphins have been characterized as opioid receptor ligands of the p-type [54]. The most potent and higly p-selective opioid peptide is the amidated P-casomorphin (f60 -63) analogue morphiceptin.…”

Section: Physiological Aspects Of Bioactive Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins. Structural, physiological and analytical aspects

Schlimme¹,

Meisel²

1995

Nahrung

208

130

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The primary function of dietary proteins is to supply the body adequately with indispensable amino acids and organic nitrogen. Little attention has been paid up to date to milk proteins, in particular caseins, that are currently the main source of biologically active peptides, although other animal as well as vegetable proteins are known to contain potentially bioactive sequences. Such regulatory peptides can be released by enzymatic proteolysis of caseins in vitro and in vivo and may act as potential physiological modulators of metabolism during the intestinal digestion of the diet. It has been proved that bioactive peptides derived from caseins, such as beta-casomorphins and phosphopeptides, can be released during gastrointestinal passage. It is also evident that peptides originating from food proteins should be taken into account as potential modulators of various regulatory processes in the body. The possible regulatory effects concern nutrient uptake (phosphopeptides, casomorphins), postprandial hormone secretion (casomorphins), immune defense (immunopeptides, casokinins, casomorphins) and neuroendocrine information transfer (casokinins). The advances in the research field of bioactive peptides are driven by a molecular understanding of biological processes, and analytical techniques are a critical component of this understanding. Different up-to-date methods, including peptide synthesis and immunochemistry, have been applied to the chemical characterization of bioactive peptides. Especially casein derived peptides have already found interesting applications, both as dietary supplements (phosphopeptides) and as pharmaceutical preparations (phosphopeptides, beta-casomorphins). The question of 'what kinds of bioactive peptides are beneficial and desirable as food constituents or as drugs' should be always carefully examined. However, the possibilities for the design of dietary products and 'natural' drugs look promising.

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Section: Physiological Aspects Of Bioactive Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins. Structural, physiological and analytical aspects

Schlimme¹,

Meisel²

1995

Nahrung

208

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Casein, a prohormone with an immunomodulating role for the newborn?

1988

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Maternal colostrum and milk, the earliest food of the newborn, should not only be considered as supplying nutrients, but also as agents providing protection against aggressions from the new environment. Indeed by enzymatic digestion of the main milk proteins, the caseins, biologically active peptides are released; they may be implicated in the stimulation of the newborn's immune system. From this point of view a 'strategic active zone' has been characterized in beta-casein. A possible role of casein as a 'prohormone' for the newborn is suggested.

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Biologically active casein peptides implicated in immunomodulation

Migliore‐Samour

Floc'h

Jollès

1989

Journal of Dairy Research

155

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Maternal milk should not only be considered as a nutrient, but also as a protecting agent against aggressions from the neonate's new environment. Breastfeeding facilitates transmission of a passive immunity by multifunctional factors which have a direct effect on the neonate's resistance to bacterial and viral infections. Among these factors are the main milk proteins, the caseins: during enzymic digestion of human and bovine caseins, immunomodulating peptides are released. Corresponding synthetic peptides stimulated in vitro phagocytic activity of murine and of human macrophages and exerted in vivo a protective effect against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection of mice. These data suggest that casein peptides may exert a stimulating function on the immune system of the newborn.For the newborn, birth represents a sudden rupture with the maternal protection against a hostile environment. He is entering into a temporary period during which his immature immune system still depends on maternal help: in fact some functions of his immunocompetent cells are depressed, such as chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, helper activity of T lymphocytes and mitogenicity of B cells that synthesize almost exclusively IgM immunoglobulins.Maternal protection continues with breast-feeding, owing to a large variety of protective factors contained in the first food of the newborn, maternal milk. These factors have a direct effect on neonate resistance to bacterial and viral infections (Migliore-Samour & Jolles, 1988). This is true of immunoglobulins (mainly secretory IgA but also IgM and IgG), enzymes (e.g. lysozyme and peroxidase), iron binding proteins (lactoferrin and transferrin) and immunocompetent cells present in maternal milk (macrophages, granulocytes, T and B lymphocytes).Meanwhile the neonate must develop the autonomy of his own immune system to protect himself against agressions from his new environment. We suggest that this evolution may also be influenced by his food, more particularly by milk components or peptides from enzymic digests of milk proteins such as caseins. In order to corroborate this hypothesis we decided to submit total human and bovine caseins to a tryptic-chymotryptic digestion and to test some peptidic fractions by immunostimulating screening tests developed in the laboratories of Rhone-Poulenc Sante. Several active peptides have been purified, in addition to other casein peptides characterized by different research groups which are implicated in the stimulation of the newborn's immune system: the /?-casomorphins (Brantl et al. 1979) and other exorphins with opioid activity (Loukas et al. 1983) and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors (Maruyama et al. 1985).

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Human β-casomorphin-8 Immunoreactive Material in the Plasma of Women During Pregnancy and After Delivery

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins. Structural, physiological and analytical aspects

Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins. Structural, physiological and analytical aspects

Casein, a prohormone with an immunomodulating role for the newborn?

Biologically active casein peptides implicated in immunomodulation

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