HumaniSE: Approaches to Achieve More Human-Centric Software Engineering

Grundy, John; Khalajzadeh, Hourieh; McIntosh, Jennifer; Kanij, Tanjila; Mueller, Ingo

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-70006-5_18

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Awareness of human-centric issues can help developers and researchers to incorporate and report human-centric issues more effectively; Developers need to be more aware of the humancentric issues of their end-users in order to design more inclusive and human-centred software and to avoid negative impacts on different diverse end-user groups. Software engineers are typically very different from most end-users -a profession heavily dominated by men; relatively young; affluent; technical; most proficient in English; and while some have physical/mental challenges, these are generally different or of less severity than many users, especially for software targeted to vulnerable end-users [13,14]. These influence the degree that developers appreciate and know how to address human-centric issues to meet the needs of their diverse end-users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding such end-user human-centric issues, or human aspects, plays an essential role in designing software that meets the requirements of diverse users of the society. Such human aspects include age, gender, culture, language and location, digital literacy, physical and mental impairments, and also emotional impacts of the software on users due to their diverse personalities and preferences [14]. Lack of consideration of diverse users' preferences and satisfaction, leads to human-centric issues when using the software.…”

Section: Human Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How are Diverse End-user Human-centric Issues Discussed on GitHub?

Khalajzadeh¹,

Shahin²,

Obie³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Many software systems fail to meet the needs of the diverse endusers in society and are prone to pose problems, such as accessibility and usability issues. Some of these problems (partially) stem from the failure to consider the characteristics, limitations, and abilities of diverse end-users during software development. We refer to this class of problems as human-centric issues. Despite their importance, there is a limited understanding of the types of human-centric issues encountered by developers. In-depth knowledge of these human-centric issues is needed to design software systems that better meet their diverse end-users' needs. This paper aims to provide insights for the software development and research communities on which human-centric issues are a topic of discussion for developers on GitHub. We conducted an empirical study by extracting and manually analysing 1,691 issue comments from 12 diverse projects, ranging from small to large-scale projects, including projects designed for challenged end-users, e.g., visually impaired and dyslexic users. Our analysis shows that eight categories of human-centric issues are discussed by developers. These include Inclusiveness, Privacy & Security, Compatibility, Location & Language, Preference, Satisfaction, Emotional Aspects, and Accessibility. Guided by our findings, we highlight some implications and possible future paths to further understand and incorporate human-centric issues in software development to be able to design software that meets the needs of diverse end users in society. CCS CONCEPTS• Social and professional topics → User characteristics; • Humancentered computing; • Software and its engineering → Software post-development issues; Software creation and management; • Security and privacy → Human and societal aspects of security and privacy;

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How are Diverse End-user Human-centric Issues Discussed on GitHub?

Khalajzadeh¹,

Shahin²,

Obie³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Developers need to be more aware of the human-centric issues of their end-users in order to design more inclusive and humancentred apps and to avoid negative impacts on different end-user groups. Software engineers are typically very different from most end-users -a profession heavily dominated by men; relatively young; affluent; technical; most proficient in English; and while some have physical/mental challenges, these are generally different or of less severity than many users, especially for software targeted to challenged end-users [1], [12]. These influence the degree that developers appreciate and know how to address human-centric issues of their end-users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human aspects -including age, gender, culture, language and location, digital literacy, physical and mental impairments, and differing personalities and preferences -play an essential role in the uptake of software [12]. Implications of their negligence are detailed in [10].…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting Developers in Addressing Human-centric Issues in Mobile Apps

Khalajzadeh¹,

Shahin²,

Obie³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Failure to consider the characteristics, limitations, and abilities of diverse end-users during mobile apps development may lead to problems for end-users such as accessibility and usability issues. We refer to this class of problems as human-centric issues. Despite their importance, there is a limited understanding of the types of human-centric issues that are encountered by end-users and taken into account by the developers of mobile apps. In this paper, we examine what human-centric issues end-users report through Google App Store reviews, which human-centric issues are a topic of discussion for developers on GitHub, and whether end-users and developers discuss the same human-centric issues. We then investigate whether an automated tool might help detect such human-centric issues and whether developers would find such a tool useful. To do this, we conducted an empirical study by extracting and manually analysing a random sample of 1,200 app reviews and 1,200 issue comments from 12 diverse projects that exist on both Google App Store and GitHub. Our analysis led to a taxonomy of human-centric issues that categorises human-centric issues into three-high levels: App Usage, Inclusiveness, and User Reaction. We then developed machine learning and deep learning models that are promising in automatically identifying and classifying human-centric issues from app reviews and developer discussions. A survey of mobile app developers shows that the automated detection of human-centric issues has practical applications. Guided by our findings, we highlight some implications and possible future work to further understand and incorporate human-centric issues in mobile apps development.

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“…Solutions for multi-disciplinary delivery context: Researchers should consider developing and evaluating frameworks, methods, and tools in an MDST context. Applying design thinking, human-centred design [68] and modeldriven approaches could offer opportunities for designing, building, and evaluating solutions for MDT. The overall solution development life-cycle in MDSTs is not being addressed by current approaches and tools.…”

Section: Recommendations For Researchersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dealing with Data Challenges when Delivering Data-Intensive Software Solutions

Graetsch¹,

Khalajzadeh²,

Shahin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The predicted increase in demand for data-intensive solution development is driving the need for software, data, and domain experts to effectively collaborate in multi-disciplinary data-intensive software teams (MDSTs). We conducted a socio-technical grounded theory study through interviews with 24 practitioners in MDSTs to better understand the challenges these teams face when delivering data-intensive software solutions. The interviews provided perspectives across different types of roles including domain, data and software experts, and covered different organisational levels from team members, team managers to executive leaders. We found that the key concern for these teams is dealing with data-related challenges. In this paper, we present the theory of dealing with data challenges to explain the challenges faced by MDSTs including gaining access to data, aligning data, understanding data, and resolving data quality issues; the context in and condition under which these challenges occur, the causes that lead to the challenges, and the related consequences such as having to conduct remediation activities, inability to achieve expected outcomes and lack of trust in the delivered solutions. We also identified contingencies or strategies applied to address the challenges including high-level strategic approaches such as implementing data governance, implementing new tools and techniques such as data quality visualisation and monitoring tools, as well as building stronger teams by focusing on people dynamics, communication skill development and cross-skilling. Our findings have direct implications for practitioners and researchers to better understand the landscape of data challenges and how to deal with them.

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HumaniSE: Approaches to Achieve More Human-Centric Software Engineering

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

How are Diverse End-user Human-centric Issues Discussed on GitHub?

How are Diverse End-user Human-centric Issues Discussed on GitHub?

Supporting Developers in Addressing Human-centric Issues in Mobile Apps

Dealing with Data Challenges when Delivering Data-Intensive Software Solutions

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