Humanism

Kristeller, Paul Oskar

doi:10.1017/chol9780521251044.007

Cited by 54 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The importance of classical education, of reading the Western philosophical canon starting from ancient Greeks, has been believed (up to very recently and arguably still important according to some commentators) to develop human qualities, humanitas (Sloterdijk, 2009). Classical literature, humanists claimed, provides intellectual discipline, moral values, and a civilized taste (Kristeller, 2008).…”

Section: The Western Humanistic Tradition From Cicero To Kantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farewell to humanism? Considerations for nursing philosophy and research in posthuman times

Petrovskaya

2023

Nursing Philosophy

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In this paper, I argue that critical posthumanism is a crucial tool in nursing philosophy and scholarship. Posthumanism entails a reconsideration of what ‘human’ is and a rejection of the whole tradition founding Western life in the 2500 years of our civilization as narrated in founding texts and embodied in governments, economic formations and everyday life. Through an overview of historical periods, texts and philosophy movements, I problematize humanism, showing how it centres white, heterosexual, able‐bodied Man at the top of a hierarchy of beings, and runs counter to many current aspirations in nursing and other disciplines: decolonization, antiracism, anti‐sexism and Indigenous resurgence. In nursing, the term humanism is often used colloquially to mean kind and humane; yet philosophically, humanism denotes a Western philosophical tradition whose tenets underpin much of nursing scholarship. These underpinnings of Western humanism have increasingly become problematic, especially since the 1960s motivating nurse scholars to engage with antihumanist and, recently, posthumanist theory. However, even current antihumanist nursing arguments manifest deep embeddedness in humanistic methodologies. I show both the problematic underside of humanism and critical posthumanism's usefulness as a tool to fight injustice and examine the materiality of nursing practice. In doing so, I hope to persuade readers not to be afraid of understanding and employing this critical tool in nursing research and scholarship.

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Section: The Western Humanistic Tradition From Cicero To Kantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farewell to humanism? Considerations for nursing philosophy and research in posthuman times

Petrovskaya

2023

Nursing Philosophy

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“…La mente se reconoce como creadora de las similitudes de su propio intelecto: las entidades racionales y formas artificiales que constituye la segunda creación de la mente como segundo dios 23 . Este reconocimiento consiste en que el intelecto se hace consciente de la existencia de un cierto grado de mímesis, cuando el lugar del ejemplar está ocupado no por los objetos naturales como tales, sino que se define por el acto creativo proporcional como imitador del acto creador divino que se manifiesta en la naturaleza misma 24 . En efecto, lo que se pretende imitar no es meramente una mimética reproducción del mundo real, sino el acto natural de la formación mediante el cual el hombre puede acercarse al arte divino:…”

Section: En El Tratado De Ludo Globiunclassified

El pensamiento estético de Nicolás de Cusa en el espectro de la luz renacentista

Kuzmina¹

2010

Pecu

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Resumen: Nicolás de Cusa representa una figura clave en el pensamiento estético y filosófico del Renacimiento, revelando las principales tendencias del mismo en su metafísica. Anticipó algunos de los rasgos de la época moderna, pero sin rechazar por completo el intelectualismo y el universalismo medievales. La concepción filosófica de Nicolás de Cusa contiene intrínsecamente una profunda reflexión estética. El cardenal alemán muestra un gran interés por los problemas de la creación, la mímesis, la percepción visual y la variedad. La característica fundamental de su planteamiento es la utilización de metáforas vinculadas a las artes plásticas, ciencias ópticas y matemáticas. La estética de Nicolás de Cusa y la práctica artística y teórica del Renacimiento son componentes de un paradigma común y, aunque los objetivos de la filosofía mística y el arte son diferentes, los medios para sus logros pueden ser similares y mutuamente esclarecedores.Palabras clave: Mímesis, creación, imagen, espejo, arte. Abstract:Nicholas de Cusa is a key figure in Renaissance aesthetic and philosophic thinking, and unveiled its fundamental tendencies in his metaphysics. He anticipates some of the characteristics of the modern era, but without completely rejecting medieval intellectualism and universalism. The philosophical conception of Nicholas de Cusa intrinsically includes profound aesthetic reflection. The German cardinal demonstrates great interest in the problems of mimesis, creation, visual perception and variety. A fundamental characteristic of his approach is the use of metaphors related to the plastic arts, the optical sciences and mathematics. The aesthetics of Nicholas de Cusa and the artistic practice and theory of the Renaissance are two components of a common paradigm, and while the objectives of mystic theology and art are different, the means to reach their ends can be similar and mutually enlightening.Key words: Mimesis, creation, image, mirror, art. Résumé: Nicolas de Cusa constitue la figure-clé de la pensée esthétique et philosophique de la Renaissance car il révèle les principales tendances de cette dernière dans le cadre de sa métaphysique. Il a anticipé certains des traits de l'époque moderne, mais sans refuser entièrement l'intellectualisme et l'universalisme des temps médié-vaux. La conception philosophique de Nicolas de Cusa contient intrinsèquement une profonde réflexion esthéti-que. Le cardinal allemand fait montre d'un grand intérêt pour les problèmes de la création, de la mimésis, de la perception visuelle et de la variété. La caractéristique fondamentale de la proposition de Cusa est l'utilisation des métaphores liées aux arts plastiques, aux sciences optiques et aux mathématiques. L'esthétique de Nicolas de Cusa et la pratique artistique et théorique de la Renaissance sont les composants d'un paradigme commun et, bien que les objectifs de la philosophie mystique et de l'art soient différents, les moyens pour les atteindre peuvent être similaires et s'éclairer mutuellement.

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“…Comparisons between On Duties and The Prince have been, and are, fruitful; yet this is not the only Ciceronian text with which to compare The Prince . As important as On Duties in sixteenth‐century Florence were Cicero's rhetorical writings, especially his works On Invention and On the Ideal Orator (Cox, 2006; Kristeller, 1988, p. 123). Thus other scholars have focused on The Prince as a work of or engaging with Ciceronian rhetoric.…”

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confidence: 99%

Acting the Princely Style:EthosandPathosin Cicero'son the Ideal Oratorand Machiavelli'sthe Prince

Kapust¹

2009

Political Studies

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This article explores the relationship between the prince and his subjects in Machiavelli's The Prince. Drawing on Cicero's On the Ideal Orator, I develop a reading of the prince as acting out a persuasive ethos while appealing to the pathos of his audience. Rather than viewing this relationship as one of sheer manipulation and deception, however, I suggest that the beliefs and experiences of his subjects constrain the prince, preventing him from engaging in utter dissimulation. However, whereas Cicero's orator projects good character and cultivates goodwill, Machiavelli's prince need not cultivate good character, and rather than seek his audience's love, he need only avoid their hatred.

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Humanism

Cited by 54 publications

References 390 publications

Farewell to humanism? Considerations for nursing philosophy and research in posthuman times

Farewell to humanism? Considerations for nursing philosophy and research in posthuman times

El pensamiento estético de Nicolás de Cusa en el espectro de la luz renacentista

Acting the Princely Style:EthosandPathosin Cicero'son the Ideal Oratorand Machiavelli'sthe Prince

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