Humanism, Feminism, and Multiculturalism: Essential Elements of Social Justice in Counseling, Education, and Advocacy

Empathy and Advocacy: Successfully Serving Communities of Color

“…Empathy and advocacy are critical elements of the humanistic and multicultural counseling traditions (Brady‐Amoon, ). Positive experiences with communities of color, learning from communities of color, common values and life experiences, personalizing inequities, and the drive for social justice aided White counselors in this study in empathizing with and advocating for communities of color.…”

“…The humanistic and multicultural counseling traditions emphasize understanding and respecting the unique worldview of clients because this allows the counselor to develop empathy and deliver culturally responsive counseling services (Brady‐Amoon, ). Additionally, both traditions call for counselor advocacy to promote an environment that supports the healthy development of clients (Brady‐Amoon, ; Lee, ; Scholl, ).…”

“…The humanistic and multicultural counseling traditions emphasize understanding and respecting the unique worldview of clients because this allows the counselor to develop empathy and deliver culturally responsive counseling services (Brady‐Amoon, ). Additionally, both traditions call for counselor advocacy to promote an environment that supports the healthy development of clients (Brady‐Amoon, ; Lee, ; Scholl, ). Although ample theoretically based training techniques exist for promoting cultural competence (including empathy and advocacy) in counseling students, there is a dearth of empirical evidence on training strategies that improve White counselors' empathy with and advocacy on behalf of clients of color.…”

Gender and multiculturalism at school: the NESB girls’ voices

“…Rescuing approaches miss the opportunity of re-evaluating these cultures in their own right, and employing tools to identify the gaps and possibilities in mainstream culture (Anthias, 2002;McDowell & Fang, 2007), such as gaps between policy and practice in gender equality in Western countries, or possibilities to challenge some mainstream values such as free-marketing and individuality over collectivism (Okin, 1998a;Anthias, 2002;McKerl, 2007;Sutton-Brown, 2010). Despite the difficulties demonstrated earlier in the chapter, there are several proposals aiming to combine feminisms and Good or progressive multiculturalism (as defined by Kymlicka, 1996 andMoodod, 2007), starting from an understanding that they are not necessarily distinct projects (Volpp, 2001;Phillips, 2007;Lovett, 2007;Brady-Amoon, 2011) as gender equality and multiculturalism are projects ultimately addressing social inequalities that can have the same socio-political, economic and epistemological interests (Fraser, 2007a) and can be seen as juxtaposed parts of the same transformative equality project (Silverstein, 2006;McKerl, 2007;Phillips, 2007;Langvasbraten, 2008;BradyAmoon, 2011). Moreover, minority women do not benefit from the exacerbation of the differences between feminism and multiculturalism, as there are demands in both agendas that are fundamental to improving minority women's lives (McKerl, 2007;Brady-Amoon, 2011).…”

“…Despite the difficulties demonstrated earlier in the chapter, there are several proposals aiming to combine feminisms and Good or progressive multiculturalism (as defined by Kymlicka, 1996 andMoodod, 2007), starting from an understanding that they are not necessarily distinct projects (Volpp, 2001;Phillips, 2007;Lovett, 2007;Brady-Amoon, 2011) as gender equality and multiculturalism are projects ultimately addressing social inequalities that can have the same socio-political, economic and epistemological interests (Fraser, 2007a) and can be seen as juxtaposed parts of the same transformative equality project (Silverstein, 2006;McKerl, 2007;Phillips, 2007;Langvasbraten, 2008;BradyAmoon, 2011). Moreover, minority women do not benefit from the exacerbation of the differences between feminism and multiculturalism, as there are demands in both agendas that are fundamental to improving minority women's lives (McKerl, 2007;Brady-Amoon, 2011). Unfortunately, some proposals to combine gender equality and multiculturalism frequently rely on women's agency or heavy state intervention to address the issue (Kymlicka, 1996;Okin et al, 1999;Volpp, 2001;Baum, 2004;Reitman, 2005;Phillips, 2007;Firmini, 2009).…”