Humoral and cellular immune response dynamics in Japanese healthcare workers up to six months after receiving a third dose of BNT162b2 monovalent vaccine

Uwamino, Yoshifumi; Yokoyama, Takashi; Sato, Yasunori; Sato, Ayako; Kurafuji, Toshinobu; Tanabe, Akiko; Noguchi, Masayo; Arai, Tomoko; Ohno, Akemi; Yokota, Hiromitsu; Namkoong, Ho; Nishimura, Tomoyasu; Kosaki, Kenjiro; Hasegawa, Naoki; Wakui, Masatoshi; Murata, Mitsuru; Matsushita, Hiromichi

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.01.049

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Questions remain about the precise benefit of additional vaccination doses in the general population of healthy adults. Although there are numerous reports on immunoresponse in elderly and fragile individuals [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], only a few follow-up studies have been undertaken on younger (<60 year old) adults after the booster dose [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Importantly, infection may still occur after the full cycle of vaccinations, particularly with novel variants that develop a remarkable antibody evasion ability [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Response in Individuals Infected Post Complete Vaccination: A 6-Month Longitudinal Study in Healthcare Professionals

Baratto,

Maistrello,

Pazienza

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Serological assays have been used to evaluate the magnitude of naturally acquired and BNT162b2 vaccine-induced immunity. In order to assess the extent to which the antibody response correlates with infection-mediated protection after vaccination, we investigated the kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 IgG in fully vaccinated healthy individuals who did or did not develop COVID-19 within 8 months after the booster dose. The anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 receptor-binding, domain-specific IgG titer was assessed in serum samples collected at various intervals from 4 months after the second and 6 months after the third dose. The IgG level decreased 33% within 6 months after the second dose and, one month after the third dose, increased dramatically (>300%) compared with the pre-booster time point. COVID-19 infection within two months after the third dose did not cause significant IgG variation, but later viral infections elicited an IgG response similar to the initial response to the booster. The probability of developing COVID-19 and the severity of symptoms were not related to the antibody titer. Our data indicate that repeated exposure to viral antigens by either vaccination or infection at short-term intervals elicits limited boosting effects and that an IgG titer alone is not associated with the prediction of future infections and their symptomatology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Response in Individuals Infected Post Complete Vaccination: A 6-Month Longitudinal Study in Healthcare Professionals

Baratto,

Maistrello,

Pazienza

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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“…IFN was implicated in the body's defense against SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19 [33,35,36]. A well-modulated IFN response can help control viral replication and promote the development of immune memory [37]. The platform without the spike protein showed an increase in IL-6 and IL-17F (Figure 7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an in vitro method to assess the immunogenicity of biologics in the prevention of infectious diseases

Baran,

Lukasz,

Mariangela

et al. 2024

Preprint

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We present a series of preclinical studies focusing on developing in vitro 2D and 3D models for assessing the immunogenic factors in preventing infectious diseases. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and Calu-3 cell lines (bronchial epithelial cells) were used to develop 2D and 3D models. Peptides: Spike-S1-His, nucleocapsid-His and adjuvants: human adenovirus 5 serotype-based viral vector (AdV-D24-ICOSL-CD40L), armed with inducible co-stimulator (ICOSL) and CD40 ligand (CD40L), and a vector lacking these transgenes (AdV5/3) were used due to their effective initial interaction with antigen-presenting cells (APC). Studying biologics’ potency in vitro showed a significant increase in the percentage of CD4+ TCM, CD4+TEMRA, and CD4+TEM lymphocyte subpopulations involved in memory cell generation after 24-h treatment. Prolonging the exposure for 7 days significantly increased the number of CD4+ T and CD19+ B lymphocytes. RNA-Seq analysis of PBMC cells in the 3D model demonstrated gene overexpression (including FGFR4) associated with the Rap1 pathway in the sample exposed to AdV1+S-His+N-His. Thus, the proposed platform's impact on lymphocyte differentiation was confirmed, and cytokine profile analysis in this sample revealed elevated levels of IL-10, IL-12p70, and IL-8. All samples exposed to AdV1 showed increased levels of IFN-γ. Safety studies of the vaccine platform demonstrated that a 30-day exposure did not impact mice's survival or organ morphology. The safety and biodistribution of the biologics were confirmed in in vivo studies. The research resulted in the development of a method providing a reliable assessment of immunogenic factors under in vitro conditions. By establishing a 3D in vitro model using PBMCs and Calu-3 cells, the research shed light on the dynamics of the immune responses to novel adenovirus-based vaccine platforms. The study identifies critical factors influencing immune reactions, including inflammation, immune cell activation, and regulatory responses, providing insights into the virus-host dynamics. Exploring the CD40 pathway notably reveals its significant impact on immune cell populations, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues. The findings underscore the importance of extended culture times and the need for further research into the mechanistic role of the CD40 pathway.

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“…Antigen 1 (Ag1) is an epitope of CD4 + T cells derived from the S1 subunit and antigen 2 (Ag2) is an epitope of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells derived from the S1 and S2 subunits. The positive control tube contains phytohemagglutinin and negative control tube contains no peptide [ 27 ]. BCTs were shaken thoroughly to dissolve the antigens on the wall and placed into a 37 °C incubator for 16–24 h. After incubation, BCTs were centrifuged for 15 min at 2000–3000 RCF(g) and the plasma was collected for IFN-γ detection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-existing humoral immunity and CD4+ T cell response correlate with cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants after heterologous prime-boost vaccination

Shen¹,

Fu²,

Ho³

et al. 2023

Clinical Immunology

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Humoral and cellular immune response dynamics in Japanese healthcare workers up to six months after receiving a third dose of BNT162b2 monovalent vaccine

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Response in Individuals Infected Post Complete Vaccination: A 6-Month Longitudinal Study in Healthcare Professionals

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Response in Individuals Infected Post Complete Vaccination: A 6-Month Longitudinal Study in Healthcare Professionals

Development of an in vitro method to assess the immunogenicity of biologics in the prevention of infectious diseases

Pre-existing humoral immunity and CD4+ T cell response correlate with cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants after heterologous prime-boost vaccination

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