Humoral and cellular immune responses in pigs immunized intranasally with crude rhoptry proteins of Toxoplasma gondii plus Quil-A

Cunha, Ivo Alexandre Leme da; Zulpo, Dauton Luiz; Bogado, Alexey Leon Gomel; Barros, Luiz Daniel de; Taroda, Alessandra; Igarashi, Michelle; Navarro, Italmar Teodorico; Garcia, João Luís

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.034

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This adjuvant was described as being capable of inducing strong Th1 and Th2 responses and moderate CTL responses (COX & COULTER, 1997; PAEPENMÜLLER & MÜLLER-GOYMANN, 2014). Additionally, the Quil-A adjuvant is widely used in animals, has a low cost and a simple design, and is generally safe (COX & COULTER, 1997;GARCIA et al, 2007;IGARASHI et al, 2010;CUNHA et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

rROP2 from Toxoplasma gondii as a potential vaccine against oocyst shedding in domestic cats

Zulpo

Igarashi

Sammi

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate oocyst shedding in cats immunized by nasal route with T. gondii proteins ROP2. Twelve short hair cats (Felis catus) were divided in three groups G1, G2 and G3 (n=4). Animals from G1 received 100 μg of rROP2 proteins plus 20 μg of Quil-A, G2 received 100 μg of BSA plus 20 μg of Quil-A, and the G3 only saline solution (control group). All treatments were done by intranasal route at days 0, 21, 42, and 63. The challenge was performed in all groups on day 70 with ≅ 800 tissue cysts of ME-49 strain by oral route. Animals from G1 shed less oocysts (86.7%) than control groups. ELISA was used to detect anti-rROP2 IgG and IgA, however, there were no correlation between number of oocyst shedding by either IgG or IgA antibody levels. In the present work, in spite of lesser oocysts production in immunized group than control groups, it was not possible to associate the use of rROP2 via nostrils with protection against oocyst shedding. For the future, the use of either other recombinant proteins or DNA vaccine, in combination with rROP2 could be tested to try improving the efficacy of this kind of vaccine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

rROP2 from Toxoplasma gondii as a potential vaccine against oocyst shedding in domestic cats

Zulpo

Igarashi

Sammi

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…It has previously been reported that as little as one tissue cyst (containing possibly thousands of infective bradyzoites) is enough to cause infection [ 39 ]. Other research, which has studied the vaccination of pigs to reduce tissue cyst burden, has mainly focused on microscopic identification of tissue cysts and/or detection of parasite DNA from mice used in the bioassay [ 21 , 23 - 25 , 35 , 40 , 41 ]. In these studies there is no detailed information about mouse survival and clinical signs of T. gondii during the bioassay itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to mouse survival rates, T. gondii DNA was not detected in any mice (0/45) following challenge with inocula comprised of porcine tissues from G2 pigs (vaccinated and oocysts challenged pigs) (Table 3 ), whilst parasite DNA was detected in 53.3% (24/45) of mice following challenge with inocula from G1 pigs (non-vaccinated oocyst challenged) (Table 4 ). Other research, investigating vaccination and T. gondii challenge of pigs and subsequent mouse bioassay, have focused only on the microscopic detection of tissues cysts from mouse brain following bioassay [ 18 , 21 , 25 , 41 ], rather than detection of T. gondii DNA from the mouse brain. Therefore, as the pathology results from the current research provide limited information, it is difficult to draw direct comparisons between these vaccination and challenge experiments and the current research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research into vaccination of pigs against T. gondii , which have incorporated mouse bioassay, have not shown such a protective response against tissue cyst formation in mouse brains. For example, following immunisation of pigs with crude T. gondii rhoptry proteins with Quil-A as an adjuvant, da Cunha et al [ 41 ] found only partial protection from formation of tissue cysts in mouse brains following bioassay with porcine tissues, with the parasite detected in 5/11 (45.4%) mice in the vaccinated and challenged group. In a similar experiment, partial protection was observed by Garcia et al [ 21 ], who used T. gondii rhoptry proteins and immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMS) as an adjuvant to vaccinate pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vaccination of pigs with the S48 strain of Toxoplasma gondii – safer meat for human consumption

Burrells

Benavides

Cantón

et al. 2015

Vet Res

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As clinical toxoplasmosis is not considered a problem in pigs, the main reason to implement a control strategy against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in this species is to reduce the establishment of T. gondii tissue cysts in pork, consequently reducing the risk of the parasite entering the human food chain. Consumption of T. gondii tissue cysts from raw or undercooked meat is one of the main sources of human infection, with infected pork being considered a high risk. This study incorporates a mouse bioassay with molecular detection of T. gondii DNA to study the effectiveness of vaccination (incomplete S48 strain) in its ability to reduce tissue cyst burden in pigs, following oocyst (M4 strain) challenge. Results from the mouse bioassay show that 100% of mice which had received porcine tissues from vaccinated and challenged pigs survived compared with 51.1% of mice which received tissues from non-vaccinated and challenged pigs. The presence (or absence) of T. gondii DNA from individual mouse brains also confirmed these results. This indicates a reduction in viable T. gondii tissue cysts within tissues from pigs which have been previously vaccinated with the S48 strain. In addition, the study demonstrated that the main predilection sites for the parasite were found to be brain and highly vascular muscles (such as tongue, diaphragm, heart and masseter) of pigs, while meat cuts used as human food such as chop, loin, left tricep and left semitendinosus, had a lower burden of T. gondii tissue cysts. These promising results highlight the potential of S48 strain tachyzoites for reducing the number of T. gondii tissues cysts in pork and thus improving food safety.

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“…Previous studies have used live vaccines and killed vaccines to protect pigs against T. gondii cyst formation (Dubey et al, 1991(Dubey et al, , 1994Pinckney et al, 1994;Freire et al, 2003;Kringel et al, 2004;Garcia et al, 2005;Cunha et al, 2012;Burrells et al, 2015). However, live vaccines (RH and S48) carry the risk of reverting to virulence and becoming infective for humans; therefore, it is essential to produce a killed vaccine against T. gondii (Burrells et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection against Toxoplasma gondii cysts in pigs immunized with rROP2 plus Iscomatrix

Cunha

Zulpo

Taroda

et al. 2020

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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This study aimed to evaluate the humoral immune response in pigs immunized intranasally and intramuscularly with recombinant Toxoplasma gondii rROP2 protein in combination with the adjuvant Iscomatrix. Twelve mixed breed pigs divided into three groups (n=4) were used, G1 received recombinant ROP2 proteins (200 µg/dose) plus Iscomatrix, G2 received PBS plus Iscomatrix, and G3 as the control group. The intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) routes were used. Animals were challenged orally with VEG strain oocysts and treated on day three after challenge. Fever, anorexia, and prostration were the clinical signs observed in all animals. All the G1 animals produced antibodies above the cut-off on the day of the challenge, while the G2 and G3 remained below the cut-off. Better partial protection against parasitemia and cyst tissue formation was observed in G1 than G3. The protection factors against tissue cyst formation were 40.0% and 6.1% for G1 and G2, respectively, compared to G3. In conclusion, there were not systemic antibody responses in pigs with IN immunization with rROP2+Iscomatrix; however, after IM immunization, those animals produced higher titers than animal controls. We associated these results with partial protection obtained against parasitemia and tissue cysts formation.

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Humoral and cellular immune responses in pigs immunized intranasally with crude rhoptry proteins of Toxoplasma gondii plus Quil-A

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

rROP2 from Toxoplasma gondii as a potential vaccine against oocyst shedding in domestic cats

rROP2 from Toxoplasma gondii as a potential vaccine against oocyst shedding in domestic cats

Vaccination of pigs with the S48 strain of Toxoplasma gondii – safer meat for human consumption

Protection against Toxoplasma gondii cysts in pigs immunized with rROP2 plus Iscomatrix

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