Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Cerar, Tjaša; Ogrinc, Katarina; Strle, Franc; Ružić‐Sabljić, Eva

doi:10.1128/cvi.00341-09

Cited by 36 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Therefore, the demonstration of antibodies synthesis in the CSF requires measurement of antibodies in serum and CSF. The calculation uses the formula with albumin and total immunoglobulin concentration, and the result is given in the form of ASI [16,17,18,19]. The finding of ASI is a prerequisite for a definite diagnosis of neuroborreliosis according to the EFNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of multiplexing technology to the analysis of the intrathecally released immunoglobulins against B. burgdorferi antigens in neuroborreliosis

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of multiplexing technology to the analysis of the intrathecally released immunoglobulins against B. burgdorferi antigens in neuroborreliosis

et al. 2015

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“…A possible explanation for this distinction might be the rather short duration of neurological symptoms (median, 10 days) in the present study. It has been recognized previously that the proportion of patients with established intrathecal synthesis of borrelial antibodies increases with the duration of neurological symptoms (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Value of Cytokines and Chemokines in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Cerar

Ogrinc

Lotrič‐Furlan

et al. 2013

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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The aims of the present study were to assess the concentrations of different cytokines and chemokines in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis and to identify the possible marker(s) that would enable a distinction between clinically evident and suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis, as well as between Lyme neuroborreliosis and tickborne encephalitis (TBE). Our additional interest was to evaluate the relationship between cytokine and chemokine concentrations and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato isolation from CSF, as well as intrathecal synthesis of specific borrelial antibodies. We found that higher concentrations of CXCL13 and lower concentrations of interleukin 10 (IL-10) in serum were associated with higher odds for clinically evident Lyme neuroborreliosis compared to suspected Lyme neuroborreliosis, as well as to TBE. The concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and CXCL13 in the CSF were higher in patients with evident Lyme neuroborreliosis than in those who were only suspected to have the disease. A comparison of CSF cytokine and chemokine levels in patients with and without intrathecal synthesis of specific borrelial antibodies revealed that CXCL13 CSF concentration is significantly associated with intrathecal synthesis of borrelial antibodies. A comparison of the cytokine and chemokine CSF concentrations in patients with clinically evident Lyme neuroborreliosis according to CSF culture results revealed that higher concentrations of gamma interferon (IFN-␥) were associated with lower odds of Borrelia isolation. Although several differences in the blood serum and CSF concentrations of various cytokines and chemokines between the groups were found, the distinctive power of the majority of these findings is low. Further research on well-defined groups of patients is needed to appraise the potential diagnostic usefulness of these concentrations.

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“…Both infections elicit systemic B-cell-and T-cell-mediated immune response which is highly focused on the central nervous system (CNS), involving pleocytosis. These abnormal conditions may progress to a chronic infection which can be diagnosed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemokine Ligand 13 (CXCL13) in Neuroborreliosis and Neurosyphilis as Selected Spirochetal Neurological Diseases: A Review of Its Diagnostic Significance

Gudowska-Sawczuk

Mroczko

2020

IJMS

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Neuroborreliosis (NB) and neurosyphilis (NS) are abnormal conditions caused by spirochetal bacteria which affect the nervous system. Diagnosis of neuroborreliosis and neurosyphilis is determined by clinical examination of visible symptoms, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and serological detection of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Treponema pallidum, respectively. Establishing a diagnosis may sometimes pose a number of diagnostic difficulties. A potential role of chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) as an accurate diagnostic biomarker of intrathecal inflammation has been suggested. In this review, we focused on changes in serum and cerebrospinal fluid concentration of chemokine ligand 13 in selected spirochetal neurological diseases neuroborreliosis and neurosyphilis reported in the available literature. We performed an extensive search of the literature relevant to our investigation via the MEDLINE/PubMed database. It has been proven that CXCL13 determination can provide rapid information regarding central nervous system inflammation in patients with selected spirochetosis. We described that neuroborreliosis and neurosyphilis are associated with an elevated CXCL13 concentration, mainly in the cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, literature data suggest that CXCL13 determination is the most interesting additional marker for diagnosis and monitoring of neuroborreliosis and neurosyphilis thanks to its high sensitivity. Based on these published findings, we suggest that CXCL13 has high diagnostic utility and may be applied in laboratory diagnostics as a potential diagnostic marker in human spirochetal neurologic diseases.

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Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Application of multiplexing technology to the analysis of the intrathecally released immunoglobulins against B. burgdorferi antigens in neuroborreliosis

Application of multiplexing technology to the analysis of the intrathecally released immunoglobulins against B. burgdorferi antigens in neuroborreliosis

Diagnostic Value of Cytokines and Chemokines in Lyme Neuroborreliosis

Chemokine Ligand 13 (CXCL13) in Neuroborreliosis and Neurosyphilis as Selected Spirochetal Neurological Diseases: A Review of Its Diagnostic Significance

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