Humoral Immune Responses in Patients with Acute Schistosoma mansoni Infection Who Were Followed Up for Two Years After Treatment

Abstract

Eighteen patients with acute Schistosoma mansoni infection were followed up for 2 years after treatment with praziquantel or oxamniquine. Cure rates, clinical features, abdominal ultrasonographic findings, and specific humoral responses were determined at 2-, 6-, and 24-month follow-ups. Fourteen patients (77.8%) were considered parasitologically cured. Levels of IgA antibody to soluble egg antigen (SEA) and IgM antibody to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) became negative or decreased to the cutoff level for chronic infection 2 months after treatment, while levels of IgG antibody to KLH declined between 12 and 24 months after treatment. Levels of IgM and IgG antibodies to saline worm adult protein as well as IgM and IgG antibodies to SEA remained positive during the follow-up period. Discrete lymph node enlargement and hepatomegaly were still present in six of the eight cured children 2 years after treatment, while complete regression was observed in adults. In our group of patients, in addition to presenting with more intense clinical manifestations, children were cured less often and had slower abatement of symptomatology after treatment than adults.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of cell free circulating Schistosoma mansoni DNA: an experimental study

“…Patients after therapy as well as patients after a long course of disease with spontaneous healing (''burnt Fig. 1 out bilharzia'') are difficult to judge based on clinical or laboratory findings (Hamilton et al 1998;Rabello et al 1997). We have demonstrated here that, changes of Schistosoma circulating free DNA level can be detected very early after treatment.…”

“…In order to prevent relapse and long term sequelae from insufficient treatment, it is important to achieve a laboratory confirmation of treatment success (Rabello et al 1997;Alonso et al 2006;Khurana et al 2005;Lambertucci et al 2000). Patients after therapy as well as patients after a long course of disease with spontaneous healing (''burnt Fig.…”

Evaluation of an IgY-Based Immunomagnetic Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay System for Detection of Circulating Schistosoma japonicum Antigen in Serum Samples from Patients in China

“…Fecal detection lacks sufficient sensitivity and patient compliance. 19,20 Serologic tests, although they are sometimes well-accepted and show high sensitivity, cannot differentiate between present and past infections in surveillance and thus cannot identify persons for treatment, 21 and cannot detect frequent reinfection of young laborers in rural schistosomiasis-endemic areas in China. 5 Since the 1980s, detection of circulating antigens secreted by living parasites has being considered the way to distinguish between active and past infections.…”

Multiplex Bead Assay for Serum Samples from Children in Haiti Enrolled in a Drug Study for the Treatment of Lymphatic Filariasis

“…Fortunately, for the evaluation of MDA success, antifilarial antibodies decrease after filarial antigens decrease, generally approximately 6-8 weeks post-drug administration, which is unlike some parasitic infections, such as schistosomiasis, in which antibody responses are not useful in differentiating past and present infections. 17 Although the ELISA has provided useful information, it is not only expensive and laborious but requires relatively large volumes of serum or plasma to detect antibodies against multiple antigens. The need for improved serologic test for filariasis has been noted.…”