Humoral response after the booster dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in multiple sclerosis patients treated with high-efficacy therapies

Maglione, Alessandro; Morra, Marta; Meroni, Raffaella; Matta, Manuela; Clerico, Marinella; Rolla, Simona

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103776

Cited by 17 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Besides, even after third vaccination, seropositivity (75.8–82.2%) still did not reach rate of seropositivity of other pwMS or HC. Our results are in line with the literature, in which seroconversion rates after third vaccination in those patients are reported to be 44–46% ( Milo et al., 2022 ), reaching seropositivity in 75.0% and 58.3% of patients on S1PMs anti-CD20 mAbs ( Maglione et al., 2022 ; Tallantyre et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 third vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls: A prospective multicenter study

Krajnc

Hegen

Traxler

et al. 2022

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 third vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls: A prospective multicenter study

Krajnc

Hegen

Traxler

et al. 2022

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

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“…Previous studies described the association between time since the last OCR infusion and FNG treatment duration with anti-TSP IgG titres after the first two mRNA vaccine doses [ 6 , 7 , 11 ]; we did not find any correlation between clinical or demographic factors and the humoral response after the third booster dose, in line with first reports [ 18 ]. This missing association might be due to the effect of the third booster dose, which might help counteract the immune system modifications due to drugs exposition; moreover, in pwMS on OCR, the effect of an additional infusion between the first vaccination cycle and the booster dose might impact on the effect of the humoral response.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These results complement and expand two previous studies supporting the recommendation of a third vaccine dose in immunocompromised MS patients, such as those treated with OCR and FNG [ 12 , 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Humoral response and safety of the third booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab or fingolimod

et al. 2022

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Background The assessment of the safety and the humoral response to a third booster dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is relevant in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) treated with Ocrelizumab (OCR) or Fingolimod (FNG). Methods Serum samples were collected from Healthy controls (HCs) and pwMS treated with OCR or FNG at the following time-points: before the first of two vaccine doses (T0); 8 (T1), 16 (T2), 24 (T3) weeks after the first dose; within 8 weeks before (T0b) and after (T1b) the booster dose. IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike protein (Anti-TSP IgG) were quantified and expressed as binding antibody units (BAU)/mL. Results 40 HCs, 28 pwMS on OCR and 19 on FNG were included. At T0b 12 (42.9%) pwMS on OCR and 6 (31.6%) on FNG were still positive while, at T1b 16 (57.14%) pwMS on OCR and 16 (84.2%) on FNG, passed the threshold of positivity. The increase of Anti-TSP IgG levels at T1b was higher for: (i) HCs with respect to OCR (p < 0.001) and FNG (p = 0.032) groups; (ii) pwMS on FNG compared with pwMS on OCR (p < 0.001). No socio-demographic, clinical or laboratory variables were able to predict the anti-TSP IgG increase between T0b and T1b. Neither clinical relapses nor severe adverse events were reported in pwMS after each dose of vaccine. Conclusions The third booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine to OCR- and FNG-treated pwMS revives the humoral response, independently of any clinical variable, and manifests a good safety and tolerability profile.

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“…Whether the third dose of the COVID‐19 vaccine is clinically effective in aCD20‐treated MS patients has not been established. Several studies reported a minimal or very modest increase in levels of anti–SARS‐CoV‐2 following the third dose, 2,11,56 especially in those without prior antibody response, 57 while others have been more encouraging 58 . The third dose of COVID‐19 vaccine did boost T‐cell responses in aCD20‐treated patients, even those with undetectable memory response after the primary vaccine series, 51,57 but not in S1P‐treated patients 59 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hybrid and vaccine‐induced immunity against SAR‐CoV‐2 in MS patients on different disease‐modifying therapies

Kister

Curtin

Pei³

et al. 2022

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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Objective: To compare "hybrid immunity" (prior COVID-19 infection plus vaccination) and post-vaccination immunity to SARS CoV-2 in MS patients on different disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and to assess the impact of vaccine product and race/ethnicity on post-vaccination immune responses. Methods: Consecutive MS patients from NYU MS Care Center (New York, NY), aged 18-60, who completed primary COVID-19 vaccination series ≥6 weeks previously were evaluated for SARS CoV-2-specific antibody responses with electro-chemiluminescence and multiepitope bead-based immunoassays and, in a subset, live virus immunofluorescence-based microneutralization assay. SARS CoV-2-specific cellular responses were assessed with cellular stimulation TruCulture IFNc and IL-2 assay and, in a subset, with IFNc and IL-2 ELISpot assays. Multivariate analyses examined associations between immunologic responses and prior COVID-19 infection while controlling for age, sex, DMT at vaccination, time-to-vaccine, and vaccine product. Results: Between 6/01/2021 and 11/11/2021, 370 MS patients were recruited (mean age 40.6 years; 76% female; 53% non-White; 22% with prior infection; common DMT classes: ocrelizumab 40%; natalizumab 15%, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators 13%; and no DMT 8%). Vaccine-to-collection time was 18.7 (AE7.7) weeks and 95% of patients received mRNA vaccines. In multivariate analyses, patients with laboratory-confirmed prior COVID-19 infection had significantly increased antibody and cellular post-vaccination responses compared to those without prior infection. Vaccine product and DMT class were independent predictors of antibody and cellular responses, while race/ethnicity was not. Interpretation: Prior COVID-19 infection is associated with enhanced antibody and cellular postvaccine responses independent of DMT class and vaccine type. There were no differences in immune responses across race/ethnic groups.

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Humoral response after the booster dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in multiple sclerosis patients treated with high-efficacy therapies

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 third vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls: A prospective multicenter study

Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 third vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls: A prospective multicenter study

Humoral response and safety of the third booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab or fingolimod

Hybrid and vaccine‐induced immunity against SAR‐CoV‐2 in MS patients on different disease‐modifying therapies

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