Humus und Klimaänderung - Ergebnisse aus 15 langjährigen Dauerfeldversuchen

Körschens, Martin; Albert, Erhard; Baumecker, Michael; Ellmer, Frank; Grunert, Michael; Hoffmann, Sabine; Kismányoky, Tamas; Kubát, J.; Kunzová, Eva; Marx, Marc; Rogasik, Jutta; Rinklebe, Jörg; Rühlmann, Jörg; Schilli, Carsten; Schröter, Hubert; Schroetter, Susanne; Schweizer, Kathlin; Tóth, Zoltán; Zimmer, Jörg; Zorn, Wilfried

doi:10.1080/03650340.2014.892204

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…On the other hand, LTFEs in different experimental conditions may lead to broader implementable results by their collective analysis. Furthermore, LTFEs are expensive; a comprehensive and coordinated evaluation is also required to prove that they are worth the expense (Körschens, 2006;Berti et al, 2016). Historically, LTFEs were mainly established to answer questions regarding plant nutrition in the sense of achieving the highest possible yield (Merbach and Deubel, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later, they were used to reveal the effects of agricultural management practices (besides fertilization mainly tillage and crop rotation) on crop yield but also soil characteristics. LTFEs have been very helpful for research on soil organic carbon content or composition (Ellerbrock and Gerke, 2016;Kaiser et al, 2014;Körschens et al, 2014). LTFEs are further important for research related to questions regarding the interannual variability of crop yield (i.e., yield stability) that can be associated with climate change (Berti et al, 2016;Reckling et al, 2018;Macholdt et al, 2019a) and respective adaptation options (Hamidov et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LTFEs have been very helpful for research on soil organic carbon content or composition (Ellerbrock and Gerke, 2016;Kaiser et al, 2014;Körschens et al, 2014). LTFEs are further important for research related to questions regarding the interannual variability of crop yield (i.e., yield stability) that can be associated with climate change (Berti et al, 2016;Reckling et al, 2018;Macholdt et al, 2019a) and respective adaptation options (Hamidov et al, 2018). Valuable data can also be delivered for the validation of models (Franko et al, 2011;Ellerbrock et al, 2005) and for concepts used to evaluate soil functions (Vogel et al, 2019;Techen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A specific challenge here is that during the course of the experiment several observations are made on the same experimental units, and this serial correlation needs to be taken into account (Payne et al, 2015;Richter and Kroschewski, 2006;Singh and Jones, 2002). Also, there may be heterogeneity of variance between years, which may be related to changes in stability of the investigated systems (Macholdt et al, 2019a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term field experiments in Germany: classification and spatial representation

Grosse

Hierold

Ahlborn

et al. 2020

SOIL

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Abstract. The collective analysis of long-term field experiments (LTFEs), here defined as agricultural experiments with a minimum duration of 20 years and research in the context of sustainable soil use and yield, can be used for detecting changes in soil properties and yield such as those induced by climate change. However, information about existing LTFEs is scattered, and the research data are not easily accessible. In this study, meta-information on LTFEs in Germany is compiled and their spatial representation is analyzed. The study is conducted within the framework of the BonaRes project, which, inter alia, has established a central access point for LTFE information and research data. A total of 205 LTFEs which fit to the definition above are identified. Of these, 140 LTFEs are ongoing. The land use in 168 LTFEs is arable field crops, in 34 trials grassland, in 2 trials vegetables and in 1 trial pomiculture. Field crop LTFEs are categorized into fertilization (n=158), tillage (n=38) and crop rotation (n=32; multiple nominations possible) experiments, while all grassland experiments (n=34) deal with fertilization. The spatial representation is analyzed according to the climatic water balance of the growing season (1 May to 31 October) (CWBg), the Müncheberg Soil Quality Rating (MSQR) and clay content. The results show that, in general, the LTFEs well represent the area shares of both the CWBg and the MSQR classes. Eighty-nine percent of the arable land and 65 % of the grassland in Germany are covered by the three driest CWBg classes, hosting 89 % and 71 % of the arable and grassland LTFEs, respectively. LTFEs cover all six MSQR classes but with a bias towards the high and very high soil quality classes. LTFEs on arable land are present in all clay content classes according to the European Soil Data Centre (ESDAC) but with a bias towards the clay content class 4. Grassland LTFEs show a bias towards the clay content classes 5, 6 and 7, while well representing the other clay content classes, except clay content class 3, where grassland LTFEs are completely missing. The results confirm the very high potential of LTFE data for spatially differentiated analyses and modeling. However, reuse is restricted by the difficult access to LTFE research data. The common database is an important step in overcoming this restriction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-term field experiments in Germany: classification and spatial representation

Grosse

Hierold

Ahlborn

et al. 2020

SOIL

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“…The restoration of infertile soils has increasingly been recognized as a vital option for achieving the food security (Mekuria et al, 2016). Furthermore, the sequestration of carbon in soil is essential for the enhancement of soil quality (Körschens et al, 2014;Zhang and Ok, 2014;Bruun et al, 2015). Thus, the development of innovative amendments that enrich carbon content and ameliorate the infertile soils is necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Tectona Grandis Biochar on Soil Quality Enhancement and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L) in Highly-Weathered Nitisol, Southeastern Nigeria

Obiahu¹,

Kalu²,

Uchechukwu³

2020

J. wast. bio. manag.

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The study was conducted to assess the “Effect of Tectona grandis Biochar on Soil Quality Enhancement and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) in highly weathered Ultisol , Southeastern Nigeria” , Southeastern Nigeria. The study was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments (0 t ha−1, 2.1 t ha−1, 3.4 t ha−1, 4.7 t ha−1 and 6.0 t ha−1of biochar rates) and four replications. Data were collected from both soil and plant properties. Soil samples (0 to 20 cm) were collected before and at harvest from different plots for soil physical and chemical analyses. Results showed significantly increase (P<0.05) in soil physical properties (bulk density and hydraulic conductivity), chemical and exchangeable bases (pH, N, P, K, Ca, Na, Mg, CEC and BS) under field conditions in response to application of different rates of biochar, and was consistent with the plots amended with biochar relatives to control plots. Biochar applied at 4.7 t ha-1 resulted to the highest significant improvement (P<0.05) in all the agronomic parameters compared to other biochar application rates with biochar applied at 3.4 having the highest agronomic efficiency of 96.2%.

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Repeated monitoring of organic carbon stocks after eight years reveals carbon losses from intensively managed agricultural soils in Western Germany

Steinmann

Welp

Wolf³

et al. 2016

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Past land‐use changes, intensive cropping with large proportions of root crops, and preferred use of mineral fertilizer have been made responsible for proceeding losses of soil organic C (SOC) in the plough layer. We hypothesized that in intensive agriculturally managed regions changes in SOC stocks would be detectable within a decade. To test this hypothesis, we tracked the temporal development of the concentrations and stocks of SOC in 268 arable sites, sampled by horizon down to 60 cm in the Cologne‐Bonn region, W Germany, in 2005 and in 2013. We then related these changes to soil management data and humus balances obtained from farmers' surveys. As we expected that changes in SOC concentrations might at least in part be minor, we fractionated soils from 38 representative sites according to particle size in order to obtain C pools of different stability.We found that SOC concentrations had increased significantly in the topsoil (from 9.4 g kg−1 in 2005 to 9.8 g kg−1 in 2013), but had decreased significantly in the subsoil (from 4.1 g kg−1 in 2005 to 3.5 g kg−1 in 2013). Intriguingly, these changes were due to changes in mineral‐bound SOC rather than to changes in sand‐sized organic matter pools. As bulk density decreased, the overall SOC stocks in the upper 60 cm exhibited a SOC loss of nearly 0.6 t C (ha · y)−1 after correction by the equivalent soil mass method. This loss was most pronounced for sandy soils [−0.73 t SOC (ha · y)−1], and less pronounced for loamy soils [−0.64 t SOC (ha · y)−1]; silty soils revealed the smallest reduction in SOC [−0.3 t SOC (ha · y)−1]. Losses of SOC occurred even with the overall humus balances having increased positively from about 20 kg C (ha · y)−1 (2003–2005) to about 133 kg C (ha · y)−1 (2005–2013) due to an improved organic fertilization and intercropping. We conclude that current management may fail to raise overall SOC stocks. In our study area SOC stocks even continued to decline, despite humus conservation practice, likely because past land use conversions (before 2005) still affect SOC dynamics.

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Humus und Klimaänderung - Ergebnisse aus 15 langjährigen Dauerfeldversuchen

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Long-term field experiments in Germany: classification and spatial representation

Long-term field experiments in Germany: classification and spatial representation

Effect of Tectona Grandis Biochar on Soil Quality Enhancement and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L) in Highly-Weathered Nitisol, Southeastern Nigeria

Repeated monitoring of organic carbon stocks after eight years reveals carbon losses from intensively managed agricultural soils in Western Germany

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