Hundred joules plasma focus device as a potential pulsed source for <i>in vitro</i> cancer cell irradiation

Jain, Jalaj; Moreno, José; Andaur, Rodrigo; Armisén, Ricardo; Morales, Diana; Marcelain, Katherine; Avaria, Gonzalo; Bora, B.; Davis, Sergio; Pavez, Cristian; Soto, Leopoldo

doi:10.1063/1.4994655

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Nevertheless, foci disappear after 8 h in both cell lines. Even in DLD-1 cells exposed to low doses of pulsed X-rays, an early increase in DSB had been reported (30 min), however after 2 h, levels of γ-H2AX foci become similar to unirradiated control [ 68 ]. Our findings, according to these reports, support the idea that nuclear DNA damage induced by low IR doses is indeed repaired.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential miRNA expression profiling reveals miR-205-3p to be a potential radiosensitizer for low- dose ionizing radiation in DLD-1 cells

et al. 2018

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Enhanced radiosensitivity at low doses of ionizing radiation (IR) (0.2 to 0.6 Gy) has been reported in several cell lines. This phenomenon, known as low doses hyper-radiosensitivity (LDHRS), appears as an opportunity to decrease toxicity of radiotherapy and to enhance the effects of chemotherapy. However, the effect of low single doses IR on cell death is subtle and the mechanism underlying LDHRS has not been clearly explained, limiting the utility of LDHRS for clinical applications. To understand the mechanisms responsible for cell death induced by low-dose IR, LDHRS was evaluated in DLD-1 human colorectal cancer cells and the expression of 80 microRNAs (miRNAs) was assessed by qPCR array. Our results show that DLD-1 cells display an early DNA damage response and apoptotic cell death when exposed to 0.6 Gy. miRNA expression profiling identified 3 over-expressed (miR-205-3p, miR-1 and miR-133b) and 2 down-regulated miRNAs (miR-122-5p, and miR-134-5p) upon exposure to 0.6 Gy. This miRNA profile differed from the one in cells exposed to high-dose IR (12 Gy), supporting a distinct low-dose radiation-induced cell death mechanism. Expression of a mimetic miR-205-3p, the most overexpressed miRNA in cells exposed to 0.6 Gy, induced apoptotic cell death and, more importantly, increased LDHRS in DLD-1 cells. Thus, we propose miR-205-3p as a potential radiosensitizer to low-dose IR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential miRNA expression profiling reveals miR-205-3p to be a potential radiosensitizer for low- dose ionizing radiation in DLD-1 cells

et al. 2018

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“…The hard X rays spectrum in the PF-400J is characterized by emitting photons with energies ranging from a few keV to a few hundred keV, with an average absorbed dose per shot of 2.4mGy. Detailed information on radiation and applications can be found in the references [13], [20], [42]. The X rays emission measurement was carried out using an assembly of scintillator plastic and photomultiplier tube (SCPMT).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This device has received renewed interest due to its widespread applications [9] and attractive compact designs achieved [10] with scaling laws [11]. Nowadays some applications of plasma focus include: pulsed source of X rays and/or neutrons [12]- [16], the production of plasma shocks [17], [18], as ion beam accelerator [19] and irradiation of biological cells [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phenomena developed in the discharge process can be explained in six stages [4], [6], [20], [21]: I, the discharge of the capacitor bank produces the dielectric breakdown of the gas forming a current sheath (CS) over the insulator; II, the rundown process where the CS moves upwards along the anode due to the magnetic force; III, the compression phase at the end of the anode where the CS start to compress ionized gas; IV, the pinch phase where maximum compression of the ionized gas produces a highly dense plasma column; V, disruption of the pinch that produces an axial plasma shock [17] and, in addition, plasma jets are emitted from the top of the anode, VI [21]. In plasma focus devices, the pinch is typically regarded as the phase of most interest [4], [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inference of X-Ray Emission From a Plasma Focus Discharge: Comparison Between Characteristic Parameters and Neural Network Analyses

et al. 2020

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Pulsed plasma discharges, such as the plasma focus, are a source of pulsed X rays, therefore it is desirable to understand the relationship between this fast transient phenomena and the electrical variables of the discharge. Parameters from the electrical diagnostic signals are typically used to characterize the plasma focus discharge and for the correlations with X rays measurements via scatter plots. To further evaluate relevant information in the electrical signals, besides the characteristic parameters, an implementation of different types of machine learning algorithms, that included deep learning, was performed. A classification of pulses associated with an X rays measurement, in terms of the electrical signals data as input, was carried out. Two approaches were compared: the selection of the characteristic parameters and the use of the entire signals so the algorithms could find additional information for the classification task. The electrical diagnostic signals corresponded to: the voltage at the electrodes of the discharge chamber measured with a resistive voltage divider; time variation of the circuit current measured with a Rogowski coil and an inductive loop sensor; and the electromagnetic burst from the circuit measured with a Vivaldi antenna. The X rays measurement corresponded to the signal obtained from a scintillator-photomultiplier. In terms of the performance of the algorithms models in this classification problem, the results indicated that there is no significative improvements when using the entire signal or the selection of characteristic parameters. The best results were obtained when the following parameters were used: voltage at time of gas breakdown, voltage at time of pinch, current at time of pinch, time derivative of current at time of pinch, time from breakdown to pinch, and the Fast Fourier Transform of the part of the Vivaldi antenna signal related to the pinch event.

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“…source [11], as an ion beam accelerator [12], to produce plasma shocks [13], to produce supersonic plasma jets of astrophysical interest [14], to test new materials for the first wall in fusion reactors [15], to synthesize new materials and nanomaterials [16], [17], and also as a pulsed neutron source for cancerous cell irradiation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard X-Ray Emission Detection Using Deep Learning Analysis of the Radiated UHF Electromagnetic Signal From a Plasma Focus Discharge

et al. 2019

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A method to determine the presence of hard X-ray emission processes from a dense plasma focus (205 J, 22 kV, 6.5 mbar H 2) using Ultra High Frequency (UHF) measurements and deep learning techniques is presented. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic UHF radiation emitted from the plasma focus was measured with a Vivaldi UHF antenna, while the hard X-ray emission was measured with a scintillator-photomultiplier system. A classification algorithm based on deep learning methods, using two-dimensional convolutional layers, was implemented to predict the hard X-ray signal standard deviation value using only the antenna signal measurement. Two independent datasets, consisting of 999 and 1761 data pairs each, were used in the analysis. Different realizations of the training/validation process using a deep learning model, obtained overall better results in comparison to other machine learning methods like kneighbors, decision trees, gradient boost, and random forest. The results of the deep learning algorithm, and even its comparison with other machine learning methods, indicate that a relationship between the electromagnetic UHF radiation and hard X-ray emission can be established, enabling the indirect detection of hard X-ray pulses only using the UHF antenna signal. This indirect detection presents the opportunity to have a simple and low-cost diagnostic, compared to the methods currently used to characterize the pulses of X-rays emitted from plasma focus discharges. INDEX TERMS Deep learning, Plasma focus, UHF antenna, X-ray pulse.

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Hundred joules plasma focus device as a potential pulsed source for in vitro cancer cell irradiation

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Differential miRNA expression profiling reveals miR-205-3p to be a potential radiosensitizer for low- dose ionizing radiation in DLD-1 cells

Differential miRNA expression profiling reveals miR-205-3p to be a potential radiosensitizer for low- dose ionizing radiation in DLD-1 cells

Inference of X-Ray Emission From a Plasma Focus Discharge: Comparison Between Characteristic Parameters and Neural Network Analyses

Hard X-Ray Emission Detection Using Deep Learning Analysis of the Radiated UHF Electromagnetic Signal From a Plasma Focus Discharge

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