Hunting Agreements as a Strategy for the Conservation of Species: The Case of the Cazumbá-Iracema Extractive Reserve, State of Acre, Brazil

Abstract

One of the greatest challenges for the conservation of hunting species is not to prevent exploitation in a definitive way, but to avoid that overhunting leads to depletion of the species. As a wildlife management tool for hunting, we can highlight the Hunting Agreement, which consists of prohibiting or restricting the hunting of certain species most vulnerable. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine if the adoption of the Hunting Agreement caused a change in the habits of hunters at the Cazumbá-Iracema Extractive Reserve, located in the State of Acre, North Brazil. The Hunting Agreement imposes a ban on the slaughter of species and the use of certain hunting strategies. This study used the methodology of interview to verify the hunting preference and hunting calendar for quantification. We recorded the slaughter of 15 banned individuals namely Ara spp., Amazona spp, Psittacara leucophthalmus and Tapirus terrestris. The comparison of the absolute abundance of species with a prohibition of hunting or not presented a significant difference, showing that there is a greater slaughter of species without prohibition on hunting. The comparison of prohibited and non-prohibited hunting strategies had a significant difference, demonstrating the greater predominance of the use of permitted strategies. There is a greater slaughter of species without prohibition on hunting. Prohibited hunting strategies represent a punctual behavior within the community. The implementation of the Hunting Agreement pervades not only the population awareness of the population lag of the target species, but mainly cultural, behavioral, economic and legislative changes.

Hunting in a community of waste pickers of recyclable materials in Rondônia, Brazil

“…The game waiting is extremely selective and sustainable hunting, which consists of choosing a place in which the hunter waits for game, preferably in the nighttime . The hunter waits for the animal mainly in the feeding areas, mowing, trees with fruits or river ravines, where they seek mineral salts (Oliveira & Calouro, 2019). The relations of hunting strategy and game species presented by Ferreira et al (2012), demonstrate that hunting strategy based on the ecology of game species is widely used in the Amazon.…”

Predação de sementes por Ara ararauna e Ara chloropterus (Aves: Psittacidae) em uma área urbana no Vale do Araguaia, Brasil

“…Com bicos muito robustos e fortes, capazes de quebrar até mesmo as sementes mais duras, algumas espécies de psitacídeos são consideradas "pragas", por se alimentarem em lavouras e plantações, o que faz, algumas vezes, esses animais serem covardemente alvejados por armas de fogo (SICK, 1997;LUGARINI et al, 2012). Somadas a tais ameaças estão a caça, a perda de hábitat e a consequente eliminação de sítios nativos de alimentação (ANTAS et al, 2010;LUGARINI et al, 2012;ICMBIO, 2015ICMBIO, , 2018OLIVEIRA & CALOURO, 2019).…”

Human-wildlife conflicts and drought in the greater Calakmul Region, Mexico: implications for tapir conservation

“…Development of hunting and management agreements with local communities: these participatory agreements will consist of prohibiting or restricting tapir hunting, especially in ejidos where hunting pressure is high. The implementation of these agreements will raise awareness among the population and allow for a gradual cultural, economic and legislative change in the long term (Oliveira and Calouro 2019). Development and implementation of an environmental education program in communities, schools, governmental and non-governmental institutions, and other key actors, focused on promoting knowledge about the ecological importance of tapirs, and the coexistence between tapirs and humans.…”