Hunting and hunters in lowland communities in the region of the middle Solimões, Amazonas, Brazil.

Abstract

The uniqueness of the Mamirauá Sustenainable Development Reserve (MSDR), a continuous area of floodplain and 1.124.000 ha bounded by large rivers (Solimões, Japurá and Auati-Paraná), allows only the survival of aquatic, arboreal or scansorial animals in the area throughout the seasonal cycle. Thus the profile of hunting in RDSM should be distinct from those reported in other studies. The aim of this study was to describe the hunting activity conducted in five communities in a flooded forest area, characterizing the wildlife killed and the profile of hunters in these communities. Between January and December of 2005, 238 hunting events were held and 459 animals were slaughtered, totalizing 1850.5 Kg. Reptiles are the main group hunted and accounted for 92.12% of those killed and 64.27% of the total weight obtained. The most susceptible species are those hunted (Podocnemis unifilis, Podocnemis sextuberculata, Podocnemis expansa, Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris, Crax globulosa, Alouatta seniculus, Cairina moschata and Pauxi tuberosa). Despite the frequency of hunting events, the activity did not contribute much to the income of the families. Hunting is a predominantly male activity and starts at early ages in the monitored communities. RESUMOA singularidade da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (RDSM), uma área contínua de várzea de 1.124.000ha e limitada por grandes rios (Solimões, Japurá e Auatí-paraná), permite que somente animais aquáticos, arborícolas ou escansoriais sobrevivam durante todo o ciclo sazonal na área. Dessa forma o perfil da caça na RDSM deve ser distinto daqueles registrados em outros estudos. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever a atividade de caça realizada em cinco comunidades de várzea, caracterizando a fauna abatida e o perfil dos caçadores dessas comunidades. Entre os meses de janeiro e dezembro de 2005 foram realizados 238 eventos de caça, e foram abatidos 459 animais que totalizaram 1.850,5 Kg. Os répteis constituem o principal grupo caçado, e representaram 92,12% dos indivíduos abatidos e 64,27% do peso total obtido. As espécies mais susceptíveis à caça são as principais abatidas (Podocnemis unifilis, P. sextuberculata, P. expansa, H. hydrochaeris, Crax globulosa, Alouatta seniculus, Cairina moschata e Pauxi tuberosa). Apesar da caça ser realizada com frequência, a atividade tem pouca contribuição na renda das famílias estudadas. A caça é uma atividade predominantemente masculina e é iniciada precocemente nas comunidades monitoradas. HUNTING AND HUNTERS IN LOWLAND COMMUNITIES IN THE REGION OF THE MIDDLE SOLIMÕES, AMAZONAS, BRAZIL.A

Trends in Illegal Trade of Wild Birds in Amazonas State, Brazil

“…The size of the birds intended for human consumption indicated more seizures of larger species for food use, particularly species of the families Anatidae, Cracidae and Psittacidae. The preference for birds of these families as a protein source seems to be a pattern in the Amazon region [39][40][41], while in other regions of the country, smaller species such as those of the family Columbidae appear among the most frequently consumed [3,35,42,45], probably because they are more abundant and have gregarious habits [46].…”

A Short Review of the International Trade of Wild Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles Across the World and Throughout Two Decades

“…Studies conducted at the Río Unini Extractive Reserve (northeastern Brazil) by Scabin et al (2010Scabin et al ( ) during 2009Scabin et al ( -2010 and at the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve (northwestern Brazil) during 1996-1998 by Fachín-Terán et al (2004) and in the same locality in 2005 by Lopes et al (2012) suggest that exploitation by local communities may be unsustainable. Scabin et al (2010) noted that the intensive and unregulated harvest could lead to local extirpation, and Fachín-Terán et al (2004) reported that the species was being illegally captured in large quantities.…”

“…Scabin et al (2010) noted that the intensive and unregulated harvest could lead to local extirpation, and Fachín-Terán et al (2004) reported that the species was being illegally captured in large quantities. Lopes et al (2012) regarded it as one of the most frequently hunted species.…”

Long‐term population monitoring of the threatened and endemic black‐headed squirrel monkey (Saimiri vanzolinii) shows the importance of protected areas for primate conservation in Amazonia

“…870 km 2 ) and is considered to be vulnerable to extinction in National (ICMBio: Paim, Silva Júnior, & Queiroz, ) and Global (IUCN Red List: Boubli & Rylands, ) assessments. Although the species is not a preferred hunting target, illegal timber removal, climate‐change‐based habitat conversion, and the risk of hybridization with congenerics represent risks to the long‐term survival of this species (IPCC, ; Lopes, Valsecchi, Vieira, Amaral, & Costa, ; Lynch‐Alfaro et al, ; Marengo & Epinoza, ; Paim et al, ; Queiroz & Peralta, ). Consequently, estimating population parameters and monitoring their variations over the years are essential actions to determine effective conservation strategies for S. vanzolinii .…”