Hurricane Katrina: The Infarcts Beyond the Storm

Lavie, Carl J.; Gerber, Thomas C.; Lanier, William L.

doi:10.1097/dmp.0b013e3181bab1d4

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Furthermore, increased rates of CVD have been noted to persist for prolonged periods of time following both man-made and natural disasters (Lavie, Gerber, & Lanier, 2009;Qureshi, Merla, Steinberg, & Rozanski, 2003;Suzuki et al, 1997).…”

Section: Cvdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiologic Changes Associated With Violence and Abuse Exposure

Keeshin

Cronholm

Strawn

2011

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Although the extant evidence is replete with data supporting linkages between exposure to violence or abuse and the subsequent development of medical illnesses, the underlying mechanisms of these relationships are poorly defined and understood. Physiologic changes occurring in violence- or abuse-exposed individuals point to potentially common biological pathways connecting traumatic exposures with medical outcomes. Herein, the evidence describing the long-term physiologic changes in abuse- and violence-exposed populations and associated medical illnesses are reviewed. Current data support that (a) specific neurobiochemical changes are associated with exposure to violence and abuse; (b) several biological pathways have the potential to lead to the development of future illness; and (c) common physiologic mechanisms may moderate the severity, phenomenology, or clinical course of medical illnesses in individuals with histories of exposure to violence or abuse. Importantly, additional work is needed to advance our emerging understanding of the biological mechanisms connecting exposure to violence and abuse and negative health outcomes.

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Section: Cvdmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiologic Changes Associated With Violence and Abuse Exposure

Keeshin

Cronholm

Strawn

2011

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…Heart-related deaths became elevated several days following storm landfall and remained elevated for an average of 50 days, while cancer-related deaths also became elevated an average of 24 days after storm landfall. While it is difficult to identify the exact stressors, previous studies suggest that post-storm distress is exacerbated by the loss and displacement of family members, friends, pets and social networks (Combs et al 1999;Lavie et al 2009). Armenian et al (1998) also found that most significant increases in heart disease risk following earthquakes correlate to the loss of family members and property.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Following Hurricane Charley, a large percentage of houses with at least one older adult experienced exacerbated or prevented normal care for a pre-existing condition (CDC 2004), but for a relatively short period of time. The displacement during Katrina was exacerbated by the loss of family, friends and social networks, unemployment, and living in temporary housing (Combs et al 1999;Lavie et al 2009). While these stressors were present after Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan and Jeanne, they did not affect as large a population for as long a time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abramson et al (2008) suggests that the increase in mortality and chronic illness following Hurricane Katrina stems from an increase in mental health distress that varied with the number of children in the household, fatalistic sentiments and poor self-efficacy. Post-storm distress is further exacerbated by the loss and displacement of family members, friends, pets and social networks (Combs et al 1999;Lavie et al 2009), and possibly the displacement of primary care physicians (Madamala et al 2009). The distress often leads to an increase in cardiovascular disease, chronic lower-respiratory disease and diabetes/glucose abnormalities in both men and women, and an increase in obstetric/gynecological disease in women (Sharma et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and indirect mortality in Florida during the 2004 hurricane season

2010

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Previous studies have shown that natural disasters, and hurricanes in particular, have led to more deaths than those usually documented in short post-storm surveys. Such indirect deaths, thought to be related to dietary, stress or pre-existing medical conditions, can exceed the number of direct deaths and may persist for weeks or even months beyond the event itself. In the present study, cumulative sum of deviations plots are used to quantify the number of direct and indirect deaths resulting from Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan and Jeanne that made landfall in Florida in 2004. Results suggest that there was an elevated mortality for up to 2 months following each storm, resulting in a total of 624 direct and indirect deaths attributable to the storm. Trauma-related deaths that can be associated directly with the storm account for only ∼4% of the total storm-related mortality, while indirect mortality accounts for most storm-related deaths. Specifically, a large percentage of the elevated mortality was associated with heart (34%) and cancer-related deaths (19%), while diabetes (5%) and accident-related deaths (9%) account for a smaller but still significant percentage of the elevated mortality. The results further suggest that the elevated mortality was the result of additional deaths that would not have otherwise occurred within that 5 month period, and not simply a clustering of deaths that were inevitable between 1 August and 31 December 2004. The elevated mortality identified in this study is significantly greater than the official count of 31 direct and 113 indirect deaths resulting from the four hurricanes combined. This suggests a need for improved mortality counts and surveillance in order to better evaluate and identify effective prevention policies, and to identify preventable deaths.

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“…Emotional and stressrelated psychological exposures that are associated with an acute, transient increase in the risk for CV events include earthquakes, 68 sleep deprivation, 69 sporting events, 70 outbursts of anger, and discrete episodes of anxiety. 71,72 More recently, natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina, 73,74 and stock market crashes 75 have been linked to a heightened risk of acute CV events.…”

Section: Psychological Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggers of Acute Cardiovascular Events and Potential Preventive Strategies: Prophylactic Role of Regular Exercise

Franklin¹,

Lavie²

2011

The Physician and Sportsmedicine

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There is now considerable evidence to suggest that acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and stroke can be triggered by physical, chemical, and psychological stressors, including heavy physical exertion and situations that create heightened emotional stress. The increased risk appears to be largely limited to a susceptible subset of the population, that is, individuals with known or occult cardiovascular (CV) disease. In this article, we summarize the evidence supporting the impact of selected triggers in the pathogenesis of acute CV events, as well as the potential role of various preventive strategies, especially regular exercise training and improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness to reduce the CV risk imposed by various triggers.

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Hurricane Katrina: The Infarcts Beyond the Storm

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

Physiologic Changes Associated With Violence and Abuse Exposure

Physiologic Changes Associated With Violence and Abuse Exposure

Direct and indirect mortality in Florida during the 2004 hurricane season

Triggers of Acute Cardiovascular Events and Potential Preventive Strategies: Prophylactic Role of Regular Exercise

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