Hvordan vurdere etiske aspekter ved modernehelse- og velferdsteknologi?

Hofmann, Bjørn

doi:10.18261/issn.2387-5984-2019-03-09

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…I motsatt fall kan teknologiens konsekvenser, effekt og hvilke verdier som blir ivaretatt eller kanskje viktigst, satt på prøve, undervurderes (242). Selv om digitale møterom er ment som et hjelpemiddel for å samhandle og kommunisere, kan den skape moralske utfordringer (243). Bruk av teknologi i helsetjenesten vil kunne påvirke menneskers liv, og bør derfor vurderes systematisk.…”

Section: å Drøfte Etiske Utfordringer Digitaltunclassified

“…Den teknologiske utviklingen som foregikk, var viktige tiltak for en verden i unntakstilstand. Teknologibruk krever imidlertid grundige vurderinger og en skjerpet oppmerksomhet på etiske implikasjoner (243,245). Det må heller ikke underkjennes at økonomiske og administrative insentiver kan ligge til grunn for bruk av digitale verktøy, uavhengig av hensyn til tjenestekvalitet og egnethet (246).…”

Section: å Drøfte Etiske Utfordringer Digitaltunclassified

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Etikkdrøftinger i kommunale etikkomiteer – hva bidrar det til?

Karlsen¹,

Magelssen²,

Thoresen³

2022

NSF

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Introduction:In the municipal health service, demanding ethical challenges arise on a daily basis. It is advantageous to discuss these systematically. One measure that can be implemented to ensure that discussions are systematic is to establish ethics committees.Through a research project, four Norwegian municipalities received implementation support to establish ethics committees. The participating municipalities organized this work as local professional development projects and appointed two resource persons who were given central coordination and leadership roles. The same people also took roles as a leader and secretary of the ethics committees. The aim of the PhD project was to gain more knowledge about involved parties' experiences of participating in ethics discussions, and to study which key factors can influence establishment and operation of this ethics committees. Method:The research project has a qualitative design. 22 in-depth interviews have been conducted with healthcare personnel who approached the ethics committees with cases ("stakeholders"), six in-depth interviews with next-of-kin and three focus group interviews with resource persons in three different phases of the research project. In addition, five dialogue seminars were arranged with resource persons and researchers during the research period. The study also has an element of action research. The data material has been analyzed using a reflexive thematic content analysis.Result: Establishing municipal ethics committees is considered as useful, at both system and individual level. However, the establishment entailed a considerable amount of work and a great deal of responsibility for those who took on the role of resource person. At least two parties participated in the ethics discussions: Stakeholders, who were healthcare personnel, and ethics committee members. In some instances, next-of-kin also took part in ethics discussions, but no patients. Stakeholders and next-of-kin experienced that participating in ethics discussions gave them a great degree of support and security in demanding decisionmaking processes. The participants in the study learned that ethics discussions in the ethics committee gave increased competence, and that reflection on ethical issues contributed to better communication and interaction between those affected by the case. However, both stakeholders and next-of-kin missed good and tailored information before the meeting, what participation in an ethics committee discussion was, the purpose of the ethics discussion and

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Section: å Drøfte Etiske Utfordringer Digitaltunclassified

Etikkdrøftinger i kommunale etikkomiteer – hva bidrar det til?

Karlsen¹,

Magelssen²,

Thoresen³

2022

NSF

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“…Several models have been suggested to ethically evaluate technology [33,34]. Since different technologies can be in different phases of development, at any point from the idea phase to that of the end product, different ethical evaluation models address different ethical aspects.…”

Section: Thinking About Ethics and Digital Eldercare Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the consequences of doing nothing (maintaining the status quo) should be assessed, ending with ethical reasoning in relation to ethical theories such as utilitarianism, deontology and virtue theory. By using several different ethical theories, many different perspectives and possible solutions will emerge [34]. Ethical risk analysis is helpful in envisaging pluralism in terms of ethical consequences related to the affected actors' perspectives, needs, wants and contexts and in mapping it to different kinds of solutions/actions.…”

Section: Thinking About Ethics and Digital Eldercare Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral distress and ethical decision-making of eldercare professionals involved in digital service transformation

Frennert

2020

Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology

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Aim: Technology affects almost all aspects of modern eldercare. Ensuring ethical decision-making is essential as eldercare becomes more digital; each decision affects a patient's life, self-esteem, health and wellness. Methods: We conducted a survey and interviews with eldercare professionals to better understand the behavioural ethics and decision making involved in the digital transition of eldercare. Conclusion: Our qualitative analysis showed three recurrent roles among eldercare professionals in regard to digital service transformation; makers, implementers and maintainers. All three encountered challenging and stressful ethical dilemmas due to uncertainty and a lack of control. The matter of power relations, the attempts to standardize digital solutions and the conflict between cost efficiency and if digital care solutions add value for patients, all caused moral dilemmas for eldercare professionals. The findings suggest a need for organizational infrastructure that promotes ethical conduct and behaviour, ethics training and access to related resources. ä IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION The transition to digital care service is not neutral, but value-laden. Digital transformation affects ethical behaviour and decision-making. The decision as to which digital services should be developed and deployed must include eldercare professionals and not lay solely in the hands of managers, technologists and economists. We must move away from attempting to fit standardized solutions to a heterogenous group of older patients; accommodating the pluralism of patients' needs and wants protects their dignity, autonomy and independence. As digital care practices evolve, so too must organizational structures that promote ethical conduct.

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“…The goal of analyzing the private technologies in relation to the public assistive technologies is based on a thought to open up for more reflection on what forms of capabilities (in Nussbaum's sense) that are perceived to be in the public domain, or under public responsibility and which ones are placed in the private domain. The reason for this is that there is still an open discussion concerning what forms of technologies should be prioritized in care for elderly in their own homes -and this debate should include a reflection on values [25].…”

Section: The Capability Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological Care

Thorstensen¹,

Holthe

Halvorsrud

et al. 2020

Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Healthy and Active Aging

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This article is a contribution to the reflection upon what forms of assistive technologies societies should provide to users of home-based services. The material is collected from five focus group interviews conducted in Oslo in 2016 as part of a research project into assistive technologies with the purpose to gain knowledge of how such technologies were used in the home-based services. The interviews are analyzed on the basis of Martha Nussbaum's capability approach in order to see what forms of technologies influenced the users' capabilities. Thereafter, the technologies are classified as either public or private technologies in order to see what forms of capabilities the public care for and which technologies that are in the domain of private initiative. Based on the focus groups, it seems that public technologies are targeted at bodily health and integrity, while private technologies on communication and infrastructure, with some notable exceptions. The paper ends with discussions on the seemingly paradoxical situation that publicly supported technologies aim at the private sphere while the privately acquired technologies focus on public activities.

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Hvordan vurdere etiske aspekter ved modernehelse- og velferdsteknologi?

Cited by 4 publications

References 62 publications

Etikkdrøftinger i kommunale etikkomiteer – hva bidrar det til?

Etikkdrøftinger i kommunale etikkomiteer – hva bidrar det til?

Moral distress and ethical decision-making of eldercare professionals involved in digital service transformation

Technological Care

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