Hyaline Membrane Disease: II: Lung Lecithin

Boughton, K.; Gandy, Gillian; Gairdner, Douglas

doi:10.1136/adc.45.241.311

Cited by 54 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The presence of ample parenchymal lecithin and a normal concentration of intracellular osmiophilic inclusion bodies has been reported in hyaline membrane disease occurring in infants of diabetic mothers (Boughton, Gandy, and Gairdner, 1970). This is consistent with the suggestion that the synthesis of lecithin, its extrusion into the alveolar space, and its subsequent metabolism may be controlled by different mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Control of fetal lung development in the rabbit

Chiswick¹,

Ahmed²,

Jack³

et al. 1973

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Control of fetal lung development in the rabbit

Chiswick¹,

Ahmed²,

Jack³

et al. 1973

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…The surfactant, therefore, is an index for the degree of maturation in the fetal lung. The death of neonate or infant due to insufficiency of surfactants has been reported in human hyaline membrane disease and respiratory distress syndrome (Avery and Mead, 1959;Adams et al, 1970;Boughton et al, 1970;Gandy et al,, 1970;Merritt and Ferrell, 1976). The present study revealed that the lung in ocd/ocd neonate was atelectasis, and there were many surfactants in the cytoplasm of pneumocyte type I1 cell and the alveolar cavity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pups were then sacrificed as above, and the lung was excised and fixed by 2 % glutaraldehyde solution buffered by cacodylate (pH 7.4) at 4°C overnight. Lungs were then processed according to the method described by Gandy et al (1970) with a slight modification. Lungs were cut into about 1 mm cubes and placed into 2 % osmium-cacodylate solution (pH 7.4) at 4°C overnight.…”

Section: Microscopic Observations On Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Cause of Death in Rat Neonates with Congenital Osteochondrodysplasia (ocd/ocd) I. Morphological Abnormalities in Lung and Respiratory Tract

Kikukawa

Kamei

Suzuki

1989

Congenital Anomalies

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The rat with congenital osteochondrodysplasia with systemic subcutaneous edema (ocd/ocd) dies shortly after parturition. The cause of death has not been fully understood in the similar lethal disorders in other species. The present study describes the morphological abnormalities in the respiratory tract in relation to the cause of death in ocd/ocd. Mid saggital section of the respiratory tract of the ocd/ocd neonate revealed that the air flow from nose to lung is disturbed by occlusion of the pharynx and larynx area with the cleft palate and relatively large tongue. Smaller thoracic volume was also noted in the ocd/ocd neonate. Of intra‐thoracic organs, only the lung showed significantly smaller weight in the ocd/ocd neonate than that of phenotypically normal (+/quest;). Histology of the fetal and neonatal lung showed atelectasis and many small alveolar cavities with abundant lung surfactants in the ocd/ocd. Disarrangement of the cells composing the alveolar wall was also revealed in the ocd/ocd. Electron microscopy of the fetal lung demonstrates the lamella bodies in the alveolar cavities and the pneumocyte type II cells in both genotypes. Insufficiency of the surfactant was excluded for the cause of death in the ocd/ocd.

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“…In the present paper the association between cord oedema, RDS and TRD (Table V) is interesting. Since the finding by Avery and Mead (1959) of reduced surfactant in infants dying of hyaline membrane disease much attention has been paid to this factor (Reynolds et al, 1968;Boughton et al, 1970;Kotas, 1972). Yet the aetiology of RDS still remains unlcnown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet the aetiology of RDS still remains unlcnown. It is generally held that immature infants have sufficient surfactant activity available at 28 to 30 weeks gestation (Reynolds et al, 1968;Boughton et al, 1970;Gandy et al, 1970) to survive without developing RDS but demand outstrips supply. Asphyxia (Reynolds et al, 1968;Hey and Hull, 197 1) has been considered a precipitating factor in predisposing an infant to RDS, perhaps by interfering with surfactant production, but it cannot be held responsible for those cases without evidence of fetal distress or birth asphyxia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oedema of the Umbilical Cord and Respiratory Distress in the Newborn

Coulter¹,

Scott²,

Jordán

1975

BJOG

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Summary Oedema of the umbilical cord, defined as visible oedema in a cord wish a minimal cross sectional area of 1.3 cm2, is found in 10 per cent of deliverieo. It is seen more frequently in certain complications of pregnancy such as abrupti placentage, maternal diabetes, macerated intrauterine death and in conditions affectint the infant including prematurity, rhesus isoimmunization, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and transient respiratory distress (TRD). There is a higher incidence in infants delivered by Caesarean section. There is no significant association between cord oedema and either fetal distress or neonatal asphyxia nor is there any correlation with maternal hypertension or oedema. The mechanism of production of the oedema is discussed; low oncotic pressure, raised hydrostatic pressure in the placenta and umbilical cord, and an increase in total water in the feto‐placental unit are considered. The presence of oedema of the cord may reflect similar changes in the lungs which antenatally predispose an infant whose pathway for production of surfactant is immature to develop RDS and the mature infant to develop TRD. The value of cord oedema as a warning sign is stressed.

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Hyaline Membrane Disease: II: Lung Lecithin

Cited by 54 publications

References 20 publications

Control of fetal lung development in the rabbit

Control of fetal lung development in the rabbit

Study on Cause of Death in Rat Neonates with Congenital Osteochondrodysplasia (ocd/ocd) I. Morphological Abnormalities in Lung and Respiratory Tract

Oedema of the Umbilical Cord and Respiratory Distress in the Newborn

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